Building with earth - Gernot MINKE (1)

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8.268.26 Finished interiorwall made of extrudedloam profiles8.27 Finished stranglehmwalls, residence,Uchte, Germany(1986)8.28 Variations ofexternal and internalwalls using stranglehm8.29 to 8.30 Makingstranglehm walls indifferent patterns8.2778Direct forming
8.28Wall typesDue to shrinkage of 3% to 5%, long elementsare not recommended. Illustration8.28 shows several possibilities for internaland external walls using shorter elements.Solution C in this figure is only intended forexterior walls. The space between the twoextruded loam walls can be filled with lightweightbulk material such as cork particles,expanded clay, pumice etc., to increase thermalinsulation. Structural elements can alsobe positioned in this space. If the other wallsillustrated need to be provided with thermalinsulation, a common solution is given in8.31, the U-value of the illustrated wallbeing 0.295 W/m 2 K.Illustrations 8.27, 8.29 and 8.30 show workdone on a residential house in Germany,with smaller extruded loam profilesobtained from a brick manufacturing plant.Due to the production process, this loamhad to have higher clay content, causinga large number of shrinkage problems;repairing the cracks that occurred turnedout to be very time-consuming.8.318.298.3079Direct forming
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Building with Earth1Introduction
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Preface 7I The technology of earth
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PrefaceNext page Minaret ofthe Al-M
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1Introduction1.1 Storage rooms,temp
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1.41.51.4 Large Mosque,Djenne, Mali
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4 Loam is always reusableUnbaked lo
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(If the humidity were lowered from
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2The properties of earth as a build
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Tetrahedron withsilicon coreSand 0.
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2.8 Grain size distributionof test
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2.13 Swelling and shrinkagetest2.14
Page 25 and 26: Silty loam (1900 kg/m 3 ) (3)Clayey
Page 27 and 28: tion 2.27 shows the drying process
Page 29 and 30: Solid loam Lightweight loam2.31U-va
Page 31 and 32: 2.32 Comparison ofindoor and outdoo
Page 33 and 34: 2.39 Field test to derivethe bond s
Page 35 and 36: 3.33.23.1 Mixing unit usedat the BR
Page 37 and 38: 4 Improving the earth’s character
Page 39 and 40: As with concrete, the maximum water
Page 41 and 42: 4.8This is easiest if the clay is a
Page 43 and 44: 4.11P d t/m 31.831.80t’Su0.13 t/m
Page 45 and 46: blocks lie exposed to direct sun an
Page 47 and 48: 4.20Straw Weight Compressive streng
Page 49 and 50: 4.214.21 Setting of a lightweightst
Page 51 and 52: developed (see p. 56 in this chapte
Page 53 and 54: 5.9 Electrical ram(Wacker)5.10 Pneu
Page 55 and 56: 5.20Frame structure with rammed ear
Page 57 and 58: 5.285.26PlasterSoil blocksThermal i
Page 59 and 60: 6Working with earthen blocksIllustr
Page 61 and 62: 6.7 to 6.9 Makingadobes in Ecuador6
Page 63 and 64: pressive strength with minimum shri
Page 65 and 66: Lightweight loam blocksSo-called li
Page 67 and 68: 7 Large blocks and prefabricated pa
Page 69 and 70: Floor tilesPrefabricated tiles made
Page 71 and 72: 8.58.6 Traditional wetloam construc
Page 73 and 74: 8.128.8 Multi-storeyedhouses made u
Page 75: 8.198.208.238.24Illustrations 8.19,
Page 79 and 80: 9.5 9.39.49.1 Traditional pithouse
Page 81 and 82: 10 Tamped, poured or pumped lightwe
Page 83 and 84: en members were totally destroyed b
Page 85 and 86: 10.1410.1610.1510.13 Pouring minera
Page 87 and 88: Loam-filled hollow blocksIn industr
Page 89 and 90: 10.3010.26 to 10.28 Makinga bathroo
Page 91 and 92: 11.411.1 Cutting jointswith the use
Page 93 and 94: Sprayed plasterIn 1984, the author
Page 95 and 96: 11.9 Sculptural earthwall11.10 Spra
Page 97 and 98: 12.112.1 µ-values ofwater-repellen
Page 99 and 100: 12.412.2 w-values of loamplasters w
Page 101 and 102: LimeSandFat-freecheeseLinseedoilCla
Page 103 and 104: • In order to decrease the curing
Page 105 and 106: 14 Designs of particular building e
Page 107 and 108: 14.5 14.614.4ing the indoor air tem
Page 109 and 110: 14.10 14.11A14.12B14.13ABCD14.14Ram
Page 111 and 112: 14.1714.1814.19spaces thus created
Page 113 and 114: 14.2514.21 Vertical sectionthrough
Page 115 and 116: 14.2914.30Earth block vaults and do
Page 117 and 118: 14.35 14.3614.34nents. The steeper
Page 119 and 120: 14.43 14.4414.4214.45and divided in
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Page 123 and 124: 14.54 14.55Afghan and Persian domes
Page 125 and 126: 14.6314.6214.6414.66 14.6514.67 14.
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14.7414.75129Designs of building el
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14.76Earthen storage wall in winter
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14.80 Bedroom, privateresidence in
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15 Earthquake-resistant building15.
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dangerousdangerousdangerous15.4safe
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A simple solution for stabilising r
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15.2315.24Bamboo-reinforced rammed
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15.3115.30OSB e = 9 mmBeam, pineOSB
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15.3715.38Vaults15.3915.41145An imp
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15.42 Manufacturingcustom-tailored
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II Built examplesAs shown by the ex
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151Residences
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Residence cum office, Kassel,German
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155Residences
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Honey House at Moab, Utah, USAThis
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Three-family house, Stein on theRhi
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Residence, Turku, FinlandThe partly
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Residence at Des Montes,near Taos,
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Residence and office at BowenMounta
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169Residences
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171Residences
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173Residences
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175Cultural, Educational and Sacral
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Mosque, Wabern, GermanyBeginning in
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Architects: Gluckman Mayner Archite
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Academic accommodationbuilding, Cha
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Youth Centre at Spandau, Berlin,Ger
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MeasuresPhysical valuesR- and U-val
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Turowski, R.: Entlastung der Rohsto
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Building with earth - Gernot MINKE (1)

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