Effects of isochaborat testosterone on the kidney rats

Review of Literature
3.3.Synthetic derivatives of testosterone
Testosterone ingested orally in its unmodified form has no significant effect due
to the first-pass effect of the kidney. To circumvent this, synthetic AAS with
modifications of the testosterone molecule have been designed to reduce the rate of
metabolism, maximize the anabolic effect, and minimize the undesired androgenic
side effects (Rejtharová et al., 2017a).
Figure (7): Chemical structure of testosterone (4-androsten-17-ol-3-one) (De Moura Ribeiro et al.,
2018).
There are three main classifications of androgen analogs. Class A modifications
are esterification of the 17-hydroxyl group with any of the several carboxylic acid
groups (testosterone cypionate). The longer carbon chains increase the lipophilic
properties that makes the molecule more soluble in lipid vehicles. Intramuscular (I.M.)
injection of testosterone esters result in a gradual release, thereby slowing the
absorption of testosterone. Class B analogs have been alkylated at the 17-hydroxy
position. Class C are produced by modification of the A, B or C ring (Fig. 7) (De
Moura Ribeiro et al., 2018).
16