Louis Pasteur - Afrikanergeskiedenis

,N
BLOKHAIS Loais Pastear
(Hierdie blokbuis is deur Lord. Kitcbener
9_pCer1S, Dit is 4+ myl op die teerpad uanaf
Klibrioier en is tot nasionale monument uerklaar
d'eur die Historiese Monumente-Kommissie ).
LOUIS PASTEUR
By Mrs. V. Belli
Louis Pasteur was born at D6le in France jn 1822, and he died
in 1895. His father !r'as a ranner. After many srruggles he entered
the Ecole Normale in Paris. He is world famous for-i-is work in the
field of chemistrv, vet his graduating diploma was marked "mediocre"
in chemistrv. In 1867 he was appointed professor of chemistry at the
Parjs Unir.ersiry, then later became permanent secretarv of the Academy
of sciences. In i889 he v'ithdrew from ail his posrs ro give his entirl
attentiori to the management of the Pasteur Insritute, established in
1888 in Paris, and builc by subscriptions, to further research in the
preventive treatment of infection.
' Pasteur developed the process of heating to kill bacteria, which
is now known as pasteurization, a method cornmonly used to assure
sterilization of milk. He also discovereci and overcame the germ
which_ g'a-s killing rhe silkworms of France, and was threatening to
ruin the silk industry.
His greatest achievement is in his work of preventive medicine.
He found that the various diseases caused by septic bacteria could be
prevented bv inoculation with a milder form of the disease, using a
weaker form of the bacteria arcificially cultivated.
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Flewasgreeteclwithderisionwhenheannouncedtlratsheeparrtl
_.a:tle coulcl b" proi".,"J ito* the deadly disease of anthrax, by first
i',ecring into their;lo* **" of the u'Lakened germs of the disease
itselr. Inoculated u"i-Jr,
he believed, would develop resistance to.
or immunity from inthra*. To pro-ve his statement, 50 sheep N'ere
placed at his airporJr. -^H"-irro.rrlut"d 25 of them, the others were left
;i;;". s;;; J"r; ilr ih" e'ti." 50 were injected-with living anthrax
:-erms. ,,The 25 i"l."rra"a-rrr""p will live,"' said Fasteuf, "the others
willdie.,,Andhewasright.ItwasamomentoftriumphforPastetrr.
This was only one of paiteur,s many achievements. His second great
cxperiment v/as on;;;;;cings. He had extended to the disease of
;;il;^;;;-;ilJ r," r'"a or"J fo, anthru*. Rabies is a disease of
animals, and when un i"r".r"d animal bites a human being, it causes
\When
rhe serious disease of nya'opttobia' a nine year old boy' n'hcr
- -was Pasteur' the
hacl. been badly bitiet'il;^rnuJ'aog'
.brough'':9
death of the .nifi'r"",orial"""iLUf"I'go,
Pasteur injected the bo1'
with rveakenecl g"r^r,'"iu;;i;;t-i;.- a rabbit n'hich had clied
from rabies.
Hefollowedthiswithaseriesofinjectionsofincreasingstrength
over a period of duy,. The boy was soon well again' the first person
"h";i;;;;1t;
ro escape death so severelv bitien bv a rabid do't''
pasteur,s *ori. "fr;i ild^.il-i;irriutiott for most of the ,gre-at
lif.'
-U-if*
saving discoveries past 50 - 60 years in field of gernr
-the
cliseases. To his aiL""ti"l are due the methods of antiseptic surger)'
-1"";r"a by Lister u,,d ptut';ted in hospitals to-day'
^ .
one of ,n" Illorir"Jirlu"il"""tdgators
of the 19th centurl'. Pastcttr
-.von x,orlcl fu-" forifr" udrrurr.", he irade in preventive medicine'
BARBERTON
Na, ,n .rr
rit van minder as vyf uur vanaf Joharrnesburg
bereik
mens eefl \r.t ai" aanskoulikste' en wat figging pragtigste
.betref'
dorpe in Suid-Afrii":-E; skrywer ii"t die doif b"tktvf as iun-eel
"'n
iui uun die voet van sy bergvesting nestel"'
Die vroedre geskilde"iu ou" Barberton is egter nie so kalm en
rusti3 as wat dii"i;;[k;p wil.voorgee om te nie' Hierdie
-s'ees
rustige hoekie ou, frurrrvaal is i" rv-?r""ere geskiedenis gekenrnerk
.1u.ro"ro-untiese en woelige gebeurtenisse'
Reeds in 1882 i' gooJ by Kaapschehoop (Dui*elskantoor) op
klein skaal ontgin. In die iuu' i ;SZ is gou'd in Barberton ontdek
deur die rwee broers, Fred Uurry nurb"i 'tt Stormloop, dadelik
let
"r,
gevolg en waens is oral uitgespan.en die mense het pondokkies opgerlg
in toevallig" ,rruil *^i
h"t - Jl" rigting is bepaal deur die
-
""itt^""
talryke kroe€ *;; ;"d;.-it.
i"a" van- alle"naslonaliteite het hulle
hierheen gehaas;;?";, die strate rr*;" menigte gekrioel wat almal
-r"
cleur die dwaallig van goud U"to*"'l'' ai"i"g6 *ut die metodes
orn gcucl te verkly baiJomsla gtig, mettertyd"is van doeltreffende
^u*
19