142 Advances in Polymer Science Editorial Board: A. Abe. A.-C ...

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Asymmetric Star Polymers: Synthesis and Properties Nikos Hadjichristidis, Stergios Pispas, Marinos Pitsikalis, Hermis Iatrou and Costas Vlahos Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece E-mail: nhadjich@atlas.uoa.gr The synthesis and the properties, both in bulk and in solution, of asymmetric star polymers are reviewed. Asymmetry is introduced when arms of different molecular weight, chemical nature or topology are incorporated into the same molecule. The phase separation, aggregation phenomena, dilute solution properties etc. are examined from a theoretical and experimental point of view. Recent applications of these materials show their importance in modern technologies. Keywords. Asymmetry, Miktoarm stars, Synthesis, Morphology, Aggregation, Chain conformation List of Symbols and Abbrevations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 2 Synthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 2.1 Stars with Molecular Weight Asymmetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 2.2 Stars with Chemical Asymmetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 2.2.1 Miktoarm Stars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 2.2.1.1 General Strategies and Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 2.2.1.2 2.2.1.3 2.2.1.4 2.2.1.5 2.2.1.6 2.2.1.7 Synthesis of A2B Miktoarm Star Copolymers . . . . . . . . . . . . Synthesis of A3B Miktoarm Star Copolymers . . . . . . . . . . . . Synthesis of AnB (n>5) Miktoarm Star Copolymers . . . . . . . . Synthesis of A2B2 Miktoarm Star Copolymers . . . . . . . . . . . Synthesis of AnBn (n>2) Miktoarm Star Copolymers . . . . . . . Synthesis of ABC Miktoarm Star Terpolymers . . . . . . . . . . . 82 85 85 88 89 93 2.2.1.8 Synthesis of ABCD Miktoarm Star Quaterpolymers . . . . . . . . 96 2.2.2 Asymmetric w-Functionalized Polymers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 2.3 Stars with Topological Asymmetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 3 Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 3.1 Solution Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 3.1.1 Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 3.1.2 Experimental Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 3.2 Bulk Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 Advances in Polymer Science, Vol.142 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1999
72 N. Hadjichristidis, S. Pispas, M. Pitsikalis, H. Iatrou, C. Vlahos 3.2.1 Theory ................................... 110 3.2.2 Experimental Results ........................... 115 4 Applications ................................ 123 5 Concluding Remarks ........................... 124 6 References and Notes ........................... 125 List of Symbols and abbreviations A AIBN B d DOP DSC DVB f fi g g ' I IMDS K k LALLS LAS M Me MMA M,l mr~i adsorbed amount N,N'-azobisisobutyronitrile butadiene gelation concentration critical dimensionality diffusion coefficient interchain distance 3-dimethylaminopropyllithium diisooctylphthalate ciifferential scanning calorimetry divinylbenzene volume fraction number of precursors of the i-th kind in a miktoarm star the ratio $,star/Rg,imear the ratio Ir\l,l,,~ir\ll η η ,a, orientation vectors mean square distance between the centers of mass of the two homopolymer parts in a miktoarm star mean square distance between the center of mass of a homopolymer part and the star common origin molecular weight distril~ution index, M,/M,, intermaterial dividing surface constant in the Mark-Houwink-Sakurada equation Boltzmann constant Huggins constant chain packing parameter low angle laser light scattering asymmetric three-arm homostar with two identical arms and a third arm with double the molecular weight of the others molecular weight molecular weight between entanglements methyl methacrylate number average molecular weight number average molecular weight of the precursors
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142 Advances in Polymer Science Edi
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Branched Polymers I Volume Editor:
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Volume Editor Dr. Jacques Roovers I
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Preface While books have been writt
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Contents Synthesis of Branched Poly
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Synthesis of Branched Polymers by C
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Poly(macromonomers): Homo- and Copo
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Author Index Volumes 101-142 Author
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Subject Index Addition-fragmentatio
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Subject Index 241 Microphases 11z,
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