Comparative Parasitology 67(2) 2000 - Peru State College

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196 COMPARATIVE PARASITOLOGY, 67(2), JULY 2000 Byrnes, T., and K. Rohde. 1992. Geographical distribution and host specificity of ectoparasites of Australian bream, Acanthopagrus spp. (Sparidae). Folia Parasitologica 39:249-264. Cowell, L. E., W. O. Watanabe, W. D. Head, J. J. Grover, and J. M. Shenker. 1993. Use of tropical cleaner fish to control the parasite Neobenedenia melleni (Monogenea: Capsalidae) on seawater-cultured Florida red tilapia. Aquaculture 113:189-200. Cressey, R. F., and E. A. Lachner. 1970. The parasitic copepod diet and life history of diskfishes (Echeneidae). Copeia 1970:310-318. Dyer, W. G., E. H. Williams, and L. Bunkley-Williams. 1992. Neobenedenia pargueraensis n. sp. (Monogenea: Capsalidae) from the red hind, Epinephelus giittatus, and comments about Neobenedenia melleni. Journal of Parasitology 78:399- 401. Gaida, I. H., and P. Frost. 1991. Intensity of Neobenedenia girellae (Monogenea: Capsalidae) on the halfmoon, Mediahma californiensis (Perciformes: Kyphosidae), examined using a new method for detection. Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington 58:129-130. Goldberg, J. L., R. Millar, and S. Sanchez. 1991. The ontogenic acquisition of infestation of the trematode ectoparasite Neobenedenia girellae on the marine teleost Girella nigricans. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 90: 83-85. Gonzalez, M. T., and E. Acuna. 1998. Metazoan parasites of the red rockfish Sebastes capensis off northern Chile. Journal of Parasitology 84:783- 788. Hall, R. N. 1992. Preliminary investigations of marine cage culture of red hybrid tilapia in Jamaica. Proceedings of the Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute 42:440. Hargis, W. J. 1955. A new species of Benedenia (Trematoda: Monogenea) from Girella nigricans, the opaleye. Journal of Parasitology 41:48-50. Jahn, T. L., and L. R. Kuhn. 1932. The life history of Epibdella melleni MacCallum 1927, a monogenetic trematode parasitic on marine fishes. Biological Bulletin 62:89-111. Lawler, A. R. 1981. Zoogeography and host-specificity of the superfamily Capsaloidea Price, 1936 (Monogenea: Monopisthocotylea): an evaluation of the host-parasite locality records of the superfamily Capsaloidea Price, 1936, and their utility Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington in determinations of host-specificity and zoogeography. Special Papers in Marine Science No. 6 (Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, Virginia, U.S.A.). 650 pp. Love, M. S., K. Shriner, and P. Morris. 1984. Parasites of olive rockfish, Sebastes serranoides, (Scorpaenidae) off central California. Fishery Bulletin 82:530-537. MacCallum, G. A. 1927. A new ectoparasitic trematode. Zoopathologica 1:291-300. Moser, M., and L. Haldorson. 1982. Parasites of two species of surfperch (Embiotocidae) from seven Pacific coast locales. Journal of Parasitology 68: 733-735. Mueller, K. W., W. O. Watanabe, and W. D. Head. 1994. Occurrence and control of Neobenedenia melleni (Monogenea: Capsalidae) in cultured tropical marine fish, including three new host records. Progressive Fish-Culturist 56:140—142. Nigrelli, R. F. 1947. Susceptibility and immunity of marine fishes to Benedenia ( = Epibdella) melleni (MacCallum), a monogenetic trematode. III. Natural hosts in the West Indies. Journal of Parasitology 33:25. , and C. M. Breder, Jr. 1934. The susceptibility and immunity of certain marine fishes to Epibdella melleni, a monogenetic trematode. Journal of Parasitology 20:259-269. Randall, J. E., G. R. Allen, and R. C. Steene. 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 507 pp. Robins, C. R., G. G. Ray, and J. Douglas. 1986. A Field Guide to Atlantic Coast Fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts. 354 pp. Robinson, R. D., L. F. Khalil, R. N. Hall, and R. D. Steele. 1992. Infection of red hybrid tilapia with a monogenean in coastal waters off southern Jamaica. Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute 42:441-447. Whittington, I. D. 1998. Diversity "down under": monogeneans in the antipodes (Australia) with a prediction of monogenean biodiversity worldwide. International Journal for Parasitology 28:1481- 1493. , and M. A. Horton. 1996. A revision of Neobenedenia Yamaguti, 1963 (Monogenea: Capsalidae) including a redescription of N. melleni (MacCallum, 1927) Yamaguti, 1963. Journal of Natural History 30:1113-1156.
Comp. Parasitol. 67(2), 2000 pp. 197-201 Hymenolepis nana in Pet Store Rodents LAURA M. DUCLOS AND DENNIS J. RICHARDSON' Department of Biological Sciences, Box 138, 275 Mount Carmel Avenue, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Connecticut 06518, U.S.A. (e-mail: dennis.richardson@quinnipiac.edu) ABSTRACT: The rodent tapeworm, Hymenolepis nana, is a zoonotic pathogen transmissible through the ingestion of eggs in feces or cysticercoids in arthropods. Since data addressing the potential for acquiring human infections of H. nana from pet rodents are lacking, a survey of pet stores in southern Connecticut, U.S.A., was conducted. Fecal flotation analysis revealed 9.1% overall prevalence in 110 samples collected weekly from cages holding group-housed small animals, from 3 stores for 4 weeks. Of 11 species, only cages holding rats (3 of 22 samples), mice (6 of 30 samples), and prairie dogs (1 of 2 samples) were positive. Necropsies of 38 rats, 72 domestic mice, and 39 golden hamsters purchased from 9 stores showed prevalences of 31.6%, 22.2%, and 10.3%, respectively. Mean intensity was 66 worms per rat, 14 worms per mouse, and 15 worms per hamster. Overall, 75% of surveyed pet stores were selling infected rats, mice, or hamsters, indicating that pet store rodents pose a potential threat to public health. KEY WORDS: Hymenolepis nana, pets, rodents, survey, zoonosis. Hymenolepis nana Siebold, 1852, infects 75 million people worldwide (Crompton, 1999), of whom the majority are children (Little, 1985; Markell et al., 1999). Hymenolepis nana has a cosmopolitan distribution, with human, Old World monkey, and rodent definitive hosts becoming infected through ingestion of infective cysticercoids within beetle or flea intermediate hosts or through ingestion of eggs in feces. In the latter route, cysticercoids develop in intestinal villi, with worms later reemerging and attaching to the mucosa (Roberts and Janovy, 2000). Direct transmission through the ingestion of eggs may be the most common route of infection in humans (Turner, 1975). It has been suggested that 2 morphologically identical subspecies of H. nana exist, yet this tapeworm is typically classified as a zoonotic and is capable of horizontal transmission between human and nonhuman animals (Fox et al., 1984; Jacoby and Fox, 1984; Chomel, 1992). Human infections "produce either no symptoms or vague abdominal disturbances. In fairly heavy infections, children may show lack of appetite, abdominal pain with or without diarrhea, anorexia, vomiting, and dizziness" (Neva and Brown, 1994). Such nondescript symptoms may account for the low number of reported clinical cases, and many subclinical infections may go undiagnosed. Available prevalence data regarding human populations were obtained in most cases from fecal surveys conducted in develop- 1 Corresponding author. 197 ing nations. For example, H. nana was found in 20.5% of Australian aborigines (Meloni et al., 1993), 8-10% of oncology patients in Mexico (Guarner et al., 1997), 16% of Egyptian school children (Khalil et al., 1991), and 0.6% of Thai laborers (Wilairatana et al., 1996). In developed regions such as Western Europe and North America, human infections are seldom identified or acknowledged, and survey data are often patchy and scarce (Croll and Gyorkos, 1979; Jacobs, 1979; Seaton, 1979; Cooper et al., 1981). Still, H. nana is estimated to be an important cause of cestodiasis in the southeastern United States, with infections found in approximately 1% of school children (Roberts and Janovy, 2000) and 4% of pediatric clinic patients (Flores et al., 1983). In 1987, 34 state diagnostic laboratories identified H. nana in collected stool samples (0.4%), with Connecticut reporting a prevalence of 0.8%, Massachusetts 0.4%, and Rhode Island 1.6% (Kappus et al., 1991). Most studies focus on human infection, but fail to adequately address potential zoonotic sources of the infection. In Turkey, 5.6% of surveyed wild mice and rats harbored H. nana (Sahin, 1979), and in Saudi Arabia, H. nana was reported from baboons living in close proximity to humans (Ghandour et al., 1995). In the United States, Stone and Manwell (1966) reported infection in 21% of mice and 9% of hamsters from Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, U.S.A., animal rooms and various commercial vendors. In the same study, pet mice and ham- Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington
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July 2000 Number 2 Comparative Para
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Page 5 and 6: Table 1. Unidentified diplectanids
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ANNIVERSARY AWARD 263 laboratory on
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Diplectanum sillagonum, 145 Diplect
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Philichthyidae, 253 Phodopus sungor
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Name: MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION 271 AP
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*Edna M. Buhrer * Mildred A. Doss *
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