Section 3 (Crop Management)

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Maize in Bangladesh Table 15. Effect of fertilizer does on the yield of hybrid maize during winter season 1998-2001 (Pacific -60). Fertilizer Grain yield (t/ha) Stover yield (t/ha) dose 98-99 99-00 2000-01 Average 98-99 99-00 2000-01 Average HYG 9.82 9.25 9.18 9.42 12.14 11.92 12.02 12.04 MYG 8.78 8.61 8.69 8.69 11.11 11.33 11.39 11.48 LSD(.05) NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS CV(%) 10.04 13.33 9.88 10.68 4.26 8.68 16.88 9.44 HYG : 250-53-140-40-5- 2 kg NPKSZNB/ha MYG : 175-37-100-30-3.5-1 kg. Table 16. Cost benefit analysis of maize (hybrid) T. Aman rice (BR 11) cropping pattern as influenced by different dose of fertilizer (average 1999-2001). Fertilizer for Maize High yield goal (250-53-14-40 5-2 NPKSZnB/ha Medium high yield goal (175-3-7-100-30-3.5-1 NPKSZnB kg/ha) Fert. for T.Aman rice Grain yield of T.aman rice (t/ha) Gross margin ($/ha) Total Variable cost ($/ha) Gross return ($/ha) Benefit cost ratio T1 3.47 1605 542 1063 2.96 T2 3.27 1.588 535 1053 2.97 T3 3.32 1596 528 1062 3.02 T4 3.30 15925 520 1072 3.02 T5 3.26 1586 509 1077 3.12 T6 2.66 1504 503 1001 2.99 T1 3.45 1525 483 1042 3.16 T2 3.38 1509 476 1033 3.17 T3 3.36 1515 470 1045 3.23 T4 3.35 1512 461 1051 3.28 T5 3.31 1506 454 1052 3.32 T6 2.72 1424 444 980 320 NS= Not significant T1= 90-22-33, T2=90-17-25 1 $ = Tk. 58/- T3 =90-11-17, T4=90-6-8 T5= 90-0-0, T6 =45-0-0 NPK kg/ha - 248 -
Proceedings of 8 th Asian Regional Maize Workshop, Bangkok, Thailand: August 5-8, 2002 Sustainability of Maize-Wheat <strong>Crop</strong>ping System by Different Legume Intercropping Treatments and Nitrogen Levels G. S. Ameta and S. K. Sharma Maharana Pratap (University of Agriculture & Technology) Agricultural Research Station, Banswara (Rajasthan), INDIA Abstract A three years field experiment consisting of six cropping treatments applied during both seasons was conducted during 1997-98 to 1999-2000 to study the effect of nitrogen and legume intercropping with maize for sustainability of maize-wheat cropping systems. These treatments included: viz; sole maize (Zea mays L.) at 60 cm rows, sole maize with FYM@10 tons/ha, maize intercropped with blackgram (Phaseolus mungo L.) or soybean (Glycine max ( L) merr.) in paired rows (30/90 cm) in 2:2 row ratio, normal planted maize(60 cm) intercropped in 1:1 row ratio with pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) or blackgram under rainfed condition followed by irrigated wheat during rabi season with three N levels(40,100&160 kg N/ha). Intercropping treatments was not significantly influenced by grain yield and yield attributing characters of maize while grain yield and yield attributing characters of subsequent wheat crop increased significantly under FYM or intercropping treatments over respective check. Wheat yield significantly increased up to 160 kg N/ha. However, there was no significant increase in yield of maize beyond 100 kg N/ha. The maximum maize equivalent yield of rotation (75.65 q/ha) was found in 2:2 maize-soybean row ratio with the highest net return of (Rs. 23,670/ha) and B:C ratio (1.99). Sole maizewheat rotation showed a decline in soil organic carbon by 3.84%, while black gram and soybean intercropping with maize in paired rows (2:2 row ratio) followed by wheat increased contents of per cent organic carbon in soil as 0.65 and 0.67, respectively, compared to initial values of 0.52 per cent. Plots treated with intercrops/FYM during the rainy season sustained the wheat yield while the check plot showed a decline in wheat yield by 9.12% at the time of completion of study. Nitrogen balance under different intercropping treatments was calculated. The highest buildup of soil N i.e.132 kg N/ha was computed under maize-soybean intercropping in paired rows in 2:2 row ratios(30/90 cm) followed by wheat. Contribution of intercrops to fix atmospheric nitrogen during three years of experimentation was computed by formulae given by Lyon & Bizzell (1934) for intercropping treatments which varied from 109 to 172 kg N/ha. Soybean intercropping with maize in paired rows in 2:2 row ratios contributed maximum atmospheric nitrogen in the soil and sustained the production level of maize-wheat cropping system. Introduction Maize-wheat is one of the most important rotations in India and reported to be a soil exhaustive cropping system requiring a high quantity of fertilizers, particularly nitrogenous fertilizers. The everincreasing cost of nitrogen fertilizer is one of the problems becoming a serious concern for small and marginal cultivator in tribal belt of Southern Rajasthan of India. Legumes, which fix atmospheric nitrogen as well as meet their own N requirement, serve as a viable via media for soil enrichment. The quantity of N fixed by Rhizobium-Legume symbiotic association varies from 20-300 kg/ha (Ardeshna et al., 1993). To make the Maize-Wheat system more sustainable, association of kharif legumes with maize not only helps in utilization of nitrogen being fixed by legumes in the current growing season, but also helps in residual buildup of soil (Sharma and Choubey, 1991). On the other hand, these crops add to the - 249 -
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Page 3 and 4: Proceedings of the 8 th Asian Regio
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Page 23 and 24: Appendix 1 a. Combined analysis of
Page 25 and 26: Rajbhandari Appendix 2a. Combined a
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Page 37 and 38: Quayyum treatment T2 i.e., maize no
Page 39 and 40: Table 1. Yield and yield components
Page 41 and 42: Table 5. Effect of different fertil
Page 43 and 44: Table 8. Cost & return analyses of
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Page 49 and 50: Maize-wheat systems measured under
Page 51 and 52: Literature Cited Maize-wheat system
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Page 57 and 58: grain yield and eff. tillers grain
Page 61 and 62: Results and Discussion Maize in eas
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Page 65 and 66: Yield kg/ha 7000 6000 5000 4000 300
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Page 75 and 76: Rainfall (mm) 800 700 600 500 400 3
Page 77 and 78: N-requirement in maize/millet relay
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Page 83 and 84: Results and Discussion Tripathi Mai
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Page 87 and 88: Table 4. Treatment combinations and
Page 89 and 90: Table 6. Grain yield of maize (t/ha
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Labios et al. Figures 3 and 4 showe
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Labios et al. Labios R.V.; Robles,
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Figure 1. Farmers planting corn usi
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Figure 5a. Status of the field at p
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Proceedings of the 8 th Asian Regio
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Maize-rice rotation in Thailand On-
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Maize-rice rotation in Thailand Fro
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Maize-rice rotation in Thailand Tab
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Maize-rice rotation in Thailand Tab
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Harris et al. humid, sub-tropical c
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Harris et al. In Pakistan, priming
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Table 2. Effect of priming duration
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