Hydro-Mechanical Properties of an Unsaturated Frictional Material

E ref
ur
Oedometer reference stiffness modulus, un-/ reloading path (kPa)
k Hydraulic conductivity (m/s)
ka
kr
ks
Dielectric constant (-)
Relative conductivity (-)
Saturated conductivity (m/s)
m Parameter in van Genuchten’s and Fredlund and Xing’s SWCC model (-)
n Parameter in van Genuchten’s and Fredlund and Xing’s SWCC model (-)
Nc
Nq
Nγ
nc
nf0
qu
Bearing capacity factor due to cohesion in bearing capacity equations (-)
Bearing capacity factor due to overburden pressure in bearing capacity equations (-)
Bearing capacity factor due to weight of the soil in bearing capacity equations (-)
Contact number in Zou’s SWCC model (-)
Frustum number in Zou’s SWCC model (-)
Bearing capacity (kPa)
R Radius of curvature (mm)
r Radius (mm)
R 2 Coefficient of regression determination (-)
RH Relative humidity (%)
S Saturation (i.e. degree of saturation) (-)
Se
Effective saturation (-)
T Absolute temperature (K)
Ts
ua
uw
uv0
uv1
vw0
Surface tension (kN/m)
Air pressure (kPa)
Pore water pressure (kPa)
Saturated vapor pressure (kPa)
Prevailing vapor pressure (kPa)
Specific volume of water (m 3 /kg)