interpretation of john bartram's garden by - University of Delaware ...

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70 1 planted a plumb tree some years ago in ye moist ground near 2,spring which hath blossomed and set abundance of fruits but thay was bit and all dropped off last spring I dug and cleaned all ye grass from about it but it signified nothing but I had three trees, one at ye south end of my house another at ye north and another on ye west where thay was daly trod about which bore perfect ripe plumbs as thick as they could crowd together 1 have last spring planted a nectarine tree on ye north end close to my kitchen door and I design to plant a apricot tree or two on a cold northern declivity by my stone quary where it is never heated with ye sun. reter Collinson to John Rartram April 26, 1746, Wildman Transcriptions To prevent the Depredations of the beetle I confess is not so easily remedyed as some other bad effects . . . Suppose as soon as this bettle is discovered it the Trees was to be smosk'd with burning straw under them or at some distance so as to fumigate their branches at a time the Beetles are most liable to zttack the fruit or if the trees was to be squirtted on by a hand engine with wzter in which Tobacco leaves was soaked Either of these two methods I should think if they did not totally prevent yet at least would secure so much of these fine fruits as would be worth the labour of people of Circumstance who are curious to taste these delicious fruits of perfection An englishrnan who settled in Italy also hzd a problem with the fruits of his apricots dropping. Philip IIiller suggested that he Lay a great deal of mulch, rotten dung, and straw mixed of a great quantity of Fern leaves or any compost that would keep the ground moist and prevent the suns action which is very penetrating in that country as well as with you . . . This was successful and since he practiced it, he has never failed of fruit in plenty in the greatest perfection . . If your apricots are too forward plant them under all disadvantages possible, that
7 1. is in the most exposed places and in the coldest, shadiest aspects that can be found , , , i- ,elea xifoliata [Ptelea - Trefoil Tree] mZngland 4 Broads id; Cat a1 o gue Quercus alba [Q, - alba - ?Yhite Oak] m u 5 z 1724. Broadside Catalogue Peter Collinson to John Bartram February 13, 1753, W i ldman Transcriptions The difference between the Low Land White Oke and the F."lountain White Olre is purely owing to their Situation and that cannot be determined but by Experiment take the acorns of each and plant ir, thy Garden A few years observation will putt that iktter out of doubt. Quercus bicolor? [O, dentata - Yillow Oak with Broad Leaves] TXZTnm8cod Broadside Cstalogue [Duercus camnanal Sroadside Catalogue b uercus coccinea [Q, mrbra] to ,,ngland 16 91 Broadside Catalogue Quercus falcata [Q, hispnica - Spanish Oak] Broadside Catalogue [Quercus flammula - Scarlet Oak of Florida] [Quercus gallifera - G all Bearing Oak] Eroadside Catalogue [Quercus lobata] EGZZFEie~ocue Quercus marilandica [Q. folio amplissima - Barren Black Oak] 1. to England 1-7'39 Broadside Catalogue Bartram's Descriction of Native Trees, 1753 9 Wildman Transcriptions, p. 343,
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./ A PROPOSAL FOR THE INTERPRETATIO
Page 3 and 4:
A C KNOWLED GMEN T S The author wou
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ABSTRACT iJohn Bartram (1699-1777)
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INTRODUCTION JOHN BARTRAM: HIS LIFE
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iver, He added novel specimens to h
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into English gardens. of the Americ
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Theme CHAPTER I INTERPRETIVE PROSPE
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native American plants. 9 Furthermo
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11 visitor. The plants, as primary
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mood of the garden, would also not
Page 21 and 22:
and a half to three inches) will ma
Page 23 and 24:
17 as well as interpretive value. I
Page 25 and 26: 19 the proper maintenance and inter
Page 27: \ General Design Criteria CHAPTER I
Page 30: 24 of the house, suggest a formal p
Page 34 and 35: shrubs . Since this extensive 28 Ba
Page 36 and 37: 30 A Jujube (Zizyphus jujuba) shoul
Page 38 and 39: 32 rebuilt to its original dimensio
Page 40 and 41: 34 unplanted and close to the house
Page 42 and 43: CON C LU S I ON In a 1769 letter to
Page 44 and 45: FOOTNOTES TO CHAPTER I 'John Bartra
Page 46 and 47: FOOTNOTE TO CONCLUSION 'Benjamin Fr
Page 48 and 49: Ewan, Joseph, ed. A Short History o
Page 50: H x H cl 2 w k ni 4 U c C .r c: R z
Page 53 and 54: Acer negundo [A. - negundo - Ash Le
Page 55 and 56: % ? Amelanchier humilis? [Nespilus
Page 57 and 58: 51 other ye leaves is hoary undersi
Page 59 and 60: Campsis radicans [Campsis radicans
Page 61 and 62: will go off tho it has a Clod of ea
Page 63 and 64: 57 Corylus americana [Corylus nucle
Page 65 and 66: Travels of William gartram, by Vij-
Page 67 and 68: 61 Hypericum kalmianum [H. - kalmia
Page 69 and 70: Chamaerodendron Let the box have on
Page 71 and 72: Lonicera sempervirens [Le - pericli
Page 73 and 74: 67 Nyssa sylvatica [Nissa sylvatica
Page 75: Populus deltiodes [P. deltoidea - C
Page 79 and 80: Rhododendron carolinianurn [.4 zdea
Page 81 and 82: 75 if the experiment has not been m
Page 83 and 84: 77 Vaccinium arboreum [V. arboreurn
Page 85 and 86: 79 or Red Cloth and tie to them tha
Page 87 and 88: Bulbs APPENDIX IT1 INTERPRETIV3 NOT
Page 89 and 90: # Thus when now & then thee observe
Page 91 and 92: of that kind extant but 1 find many
Page 93 and 94: to cover the roots then tie up the
Page 95 and 96: John Bartram to Dr, Gronovious, Dec
Page 97 and 98: 91 John Bartram to Son William, Jun
Page 99 and 100: 93 104 according to the Catalogue h
Page 101 and 102: 95 fond of the Berries and lives mo
Page 103: severe frost 1 have tryed this meth
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