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Capīıtulo 3 Rotación de moléculas poliatómicas

Capīıtulo 3 Rotación de moléculas poliatómicas

Capīıtulo 3 Rotación de moléculas poliatómicas

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L3: <strong>Rotación</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>moléculas</strong> <strong>poliatómicas</strong> Mecánica clásica <strong>de</strong> un rotor rígido<br />

A semejanza <strong>de</strong> las <strong>moléculas</strong> diatómicas, cada momento <strong>de</strong> inercia da lugar a una constante<br />

rotacional:<br />

A =<br />

h<br />

8π2 ; B =<br />

Ia<br />

h<br />

8π2 ; C =<br />

Ib<br />

h<br />

8π2 ; A, B, C [=] s<br />

Ic<br />

−1<br />

(159)<br />

Constantes rotacionales en cm −1<br />

Molécula Simetría A B C<br />

H2O C2v 27.877 14.512 9.285<br />

H2CO C2v 9.4053 1.2953 1.1342<br />

HCO2H Cs 2.58548 0.402112 0.347447<br />

CH3 35 Cl C3v 5.09 0.443401<br />

CH3 127 I C3v 5.11 0.250217<br />

C2H6 D3d 2.681 0.6621<br />

NH3 C3v 9.4443 6.196<br />

C6H6 D6h 0.1896 0.0948<br />

CH4 Td 5.2412<br />

c○ Víctor Luaña, 2002–3 (119)

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