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SAMI YOUSSEF, ERROL VELA, ALEX BAUMEL, THIERRY TATONI Appendix 1 – Continuted 68 Idp Sites Utmn Utme Altitude Distance Population sizes (m) (m) LMN9 Mont Puget 43.13391 5.27255 537 8542.28945 2 MRS1 Mont Marseilleveyre 43.13351 5.21943 315 13604.7987 2 MRS10 Mont Marseilleveyre 43.13353 5.21996 359 13536.4862 2 MRS2 Mont Marseilleveyre 43.13391 5.22079 347 13425.7745 2 MRS3 Mont Marseilleveyre 43.13404 5.22306 429 13133.3613 1 MZG1 Mont Mazaugues 43.20332 5.55254 778 8077.19814 2 MZG2 Mont Mazaugues 43.20229 5.54978 825 7854.32734 3 MZG3 Mont Mazaugues 43.20112 5.54672 850 7605.0463 3 MZG4 Mont Mazaugues 43.19851 5.54228 863 7719.4377 3 MZG5 Mont Mazaugues 43.19611 5.53658 899 7426.17162 2 MZG6 Mont Mazaugues 43.19478 5.53451 895 7197.34378 2 MZG7 Mont Mazaugues 43.19349 5.53047 885 6721.13788 2 RNS1 Rians 43.36696 5.42132 328 9277.97532 2 TRT1 Trets/Regagnas 43.25168 5.42296 632 8246.82912 1 TRT12 Trets/Regagnas 43.26429 5.45466 731 8080.89786 2 TRT13 Trets/Regagnas 43.26691 5.45647 877 8554.24893 2 TRT14 Trets/Regagnas 43.26971 5.45806 848 9050.76806 2 TRT15 Trets/Regagnas 43.27061 5.45048 857 8669.5323 2 TRT16 Trets/Regagnas 43.27071 5.46437 863 9583.04074 2 TRT3 Trets/Regagnas 43.25786 5.44205 676 7029.97962 2 TRT5 Trets/Regagnas 43.25864 5.44303 814 6994.75785 2 TRT6 Trets/Regagnas 43.25992 5.44462 746 6940.83107 3 TRT7 Trets/Regagnas 43.26341 5.44875 739 7624.18372 1 TRT8 Trets/Regagnas 43.26354 5.45227 775 7837.34608 2 VCT1 Sainte-Victoire 43.31945 5.34456 777 4420.62857 3 VCT10 Sainte-Victoire 43.31791 5.34624 735 4233.03482 2 VCT15 Sainte-Victoire 43.32343 5.39631 871 1774.83332 3 VCT16 Sainte-Victoire 43.32425 5.39401 870 1614.43985 2 VCT17 Sainte-Victoire 43.32438 5.39457 871 1587.15427 2 VCT19 Sainte-Victoire 43.32278 5.38437 947 1459.24843 3 VCT2 Sainte-Victoire 43.32016 5.34443 774 4427.64094 3 VCT20 Sainte-Victoire 43.32213 5.38187 934 1723.83572 3 VCT21 Sainte-Victoire 43.32181 5.37871 940 2152.57416 3 VCT22 Sainte-Victoire 43.32158 5.37565 948 2565.31386 3 VCT23 Sainte-Victoire 43.31905 5.37108 1001 2924.75934 3 VCT24 Sainte-Victoire 43.32462 5.39528 847 1556.32102 2 VCT25 Sainte-Victoire 43.32471 5.39344 893 1536.59696 3 VCT26 Sainte-Victoire 43.32456 5.39122 925 1461.31467 3 VCT27 Sainte-Victoire 43.32353 5.38856 991 1206.13591 3 VCT3 Sainte-Victoire 43.31934 5.34491 855 4375.61534 3 VCT30 Sainte-Victoire 43.32315 5.38668 965 1245.97439 2 VCT31 Sainte-Victoire 43.32469 5.38906 949 1287.4258 3 VCT4 Sainte-Victoire 43.31896 5.34616 893 4215.76617 3 VCT5 Sainte-Victoire 43.31889 5.34881 922 3862.80558 3 VCT6 Sainte-Victoire 43.31826 5.35024 941 3690.14297 3 VCT7 Sainte-Victoire 43.31827 5.35179 949 3484.01695 3 VCT9 Sainte-Victoire 43.31754 5.34934 786 3834.45511 2 ties of sampling units (1000 permutation replicates). To further structure the stations on the ordination, we performed in parallel a hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) using the “dist” and “hclust” functions (STATS package). The analysis was based on the Jaccard dissimilarity index and the Ward’s minimum variance algorithm of clustering. The cutree function (STATS package) provides, by truncation, groups of stations of same hierarchical level of floristic similarities. Relationships between population size, altitude and geographical isolation were also investigated. The isolation of each population was summarized as the median distance (m) to the 20 most nearest neighbors (MDNN). This number of neighbors was chosen to differentiate small number of populations forming isolated patches from continuous distribution of small populations forming big patches. Numerical range of altitude and MDNN was shown for each population ecologia mediterranea – Vol. 36 (1) – 2010
size class with box plot charts. MDNN values (according to four classes: 1 < 5001 m; 2 = 5001 – 10000 m; 3 = 10001 – 15000 m; 4>15000 m) were also projected on the distribution map of the populations. Significant differences between population size classes for altitudes and MDNN were tested by a bonferroni procedure (Hervé 2007) at the alpha 5% risk after correction. Results We updated the cartography of G. lobelii providing a nearly exhaustive distribution of the populations (Figure 1, Appendix 1). After three years of field investigations, we did not find two populations previously cited at “Forcalquier” and “Mont Coudon” sites (Rebuffel 1998). We report five new populations, never cited previously on: Carpiagne mountain (CRP3), Garlaban mountain (GRL8), la Loube mountain (LB3), and Reigagnas mountain (TRT1). In addition, we found on Grand Bessillon site (BSS) a population which has not been observed by botanists since 1992 (Rebuffel 1998). Genista lobelii occurs on a relatively large geographical range though with a highly frag- ecologia mediterranea – Vol. 36 (1) – 2010 Distribution, habitat and population size variation of Genista lobelii (Fabaceae) from the calcareous mountains of Basse Provence (S-E France) mented pattern. The stations are mainly localised on the summits of the principal calcareous mountains of Basse Provence. Even at the scale of each mountain, the populations are often highly scattered. The most extreme pattern of isolation is observed for peripheral sites of Bessillon and cap Canaille with small patches of individuals, i.e. 10 individuals on 10 m 2 and 15 individual on 20 m 2 respectively. The median distance to the nearest 20 neighbors (MDNN) are 26.3, 21.1 and 16.6 km for Bessillon (BSS), Mont Faron (FRN) and cap Canaille (CNL) stations respectively (Appendix 1). On the other hand, near the center of the distribution, along the Sainte-Baume (BM) and Sainte-Victoire (VCT) summits, G. lobelii occupies a large area of close stations (Figure 1). The average MDNN is 2.6 and 4.1 km for Sainte-Victoire (VCT) and Sainte-Baume (BM) stations respectively (appendix 1). The average MDNN is 12.4 km for all 108 G. lobelii stations. These patterns are also summarized on boxplots (Figures 2 and 3), showing that the highest population size class (>1000 m 2 ) is significantly associated to small isolation (small values of MDNN) and to high altitudes. However, there was no significant difference between population size classes 1 and 2. Figure 2 – On left: box plot of median distance (m) of 20 most nearest neighbors of Genista lobelii stations according to surface area occupied (three classes: 1 = surface area < 100 m 2 ; 2 = surface area 100 m 2 – 1000 m 2 ; 3 = surface area > 1000 m 2 ). Different letters show significant median distance of 20 most nearest neighbors differences between population size categories at the alpha 5% risk after Bonferroni correction. On the right: spatial distribution map of G. lobelii, the symbol sizes proportional to the median distance of 20 most nearest neighbors (four classes: 1 < 5001 m; 2 = 5001-10000 m; 3 = 10001-15000 m; 4 > 15000 m). 69
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