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LECTURE THE BIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE POLLUTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT WITH FISSION PRODUCTS CONFÉRENCE LES CONSÉQUENCES BIOLOGIQUES DE LA POLLUTION ATOMIQUE DU MILIEU
THE BIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE POLLUTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT WITH FISSION PRODUCTS BY R. SCOTT RUSSELL Agricultural Research Council Radiobiological Laboratory Grove, Wantage, Berks.. United Kingdom I regard it as a considerable honour to be invited to address this Assembly on the biological hazards which could arise from the pollution of the environment with fission products. This subject, which has in the recent past received such wide consideration, is clearly a very appropriate one for consideration by an organisation devoted to the conservation of nature and natural resources. I must confess however that after my initial pleasure at receiving your invitation I had considerable misgivings regarding this lecture; there are few subjects in which it is more difficult to convey a balanced picture. The depressing comments tend to be remembered while the more encouraging aspects, which may largely counterbalance them, are forgotten. I can only attempt to do my best to give you as fair an appraisal as I can of the general situation as we now know it. My title, and the objectives of this Assembly alike exclude discussion of political and sociological aspects, but even within the biological field some restriction is necessary. It would be impossible, even if it were within my province, to discuss both the manner in which radioactive materials released into the environment could enter the human body and also the medical consequences to which they could give rise. I propose to discuss the former question; the entry of fission products into food chains. Such references as I will make to the effects of radioactive substances on man will be based on the recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (1). It is now generally realised that the most widespread hazards which could result from the release of radioactivity would be through the contamination of human food. On the one hand we have the possibility of agricultural land being contaminated so that radioactivity enters crops consumed by man or by the animals from which man derives his food. On the other hand there is the possibility of the pollution of water, either fresh or salt, which could give rise to the contamination of drinking water or of fish or other marine products which man eats. 236
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UNION INTERNATIONALE POUR LA CONSER
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LISTE DES PARTICIPANTS LIST OF PART
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Australie — Australia. DOWNES, R.
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Danemark — Denmark. MÖLLER, H. A
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France. HEIM, Roger. Muséum Nation
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ARGYROPOULOS, Th. 6, rue Ploutarcho
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TZARTZANOS, A. Rue Patr. Joachim, 3
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Mexique — Mexico. BELTRAN, E. Dr.
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Royaume-Uni — United Kingdom. The
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Suisse — Switzerland. KUSTER, A.
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HIEP, N. V. Direction des Eaux et F
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COMITÉ ORGANISATEUR — ORGANIZING
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THEMES DE LA RÉUNION TECHNIQUE Col
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THEMES OF THE TECHNICAL MEETING Int
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INTRODUCTORY SYMPOSIUM COLLOQUE D'I
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esquisse. Il aura certes fait, comp
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) Nécessité de distinguer entre l
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nomades ou de semi-nomades, se sont
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éductions du couvert végétal pri
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On a, sur cette question, des sourc
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En tous les cas, les deux travaux s
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l'on veut — c'est qu'elle influe,
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aissent dans l'Est après 2750, dan
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changement notable de climat au cou
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243 000 hectolitres, c'est-à-dire,
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massif arcadien oriental », parce
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tombes royales, proclamant la véri
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2° D'environ 560 à 333 avant Jés
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omanum et le royaume perse ont cess
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tarde pas à découvrir qu'indépen
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Il en ira différemment avec les é
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les victoires à la fois émerveill
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NOTES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES La liste qui
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JA C O B S E N , T. and AD A M S, R
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COMPTE RENDU DES DISCUSSIONS Minute
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VEGETATIONSVERWÜSTUNG UND BODENERS
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2. Besteht ein Zusammenhang zwische
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Betrachten wir einige weitere Fäll
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Solche klimatisch bedingte Schwanku
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als vorher und nachher gewesen zu s
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d'acropoles fortifiées, entourées
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Répétons-le. Le déboisement exis
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C'est à la sage exploitation des r
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IV. Et comme la reconstitution des
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THE FATE OF ARCADIA Land Use and Hu
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The mountains staring in deathly wh
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the tragedy deepens. The forces of
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All round the Mediterranean, lands
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THEME I SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION
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a wealthy city will create a produc
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and in fertilized English fields. W
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All of the subjects discussed at th
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tion de sources d'énergie importan
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RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE TECHNICAL ME
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Recommends : That all projects thro
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Theme II. — EDUCATION AND CONSERV
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PROBLEMS OF EDUCATION IN CONSERVATI
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in their chosen environment. We mig
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iologie et de la géographie pour l
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due, après dix ans, les crevasses
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possible d'en dégager les dénomin
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own materials. It seems, in the lig
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des mesures de protection prises pa
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Committee and incorporated in the f
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RELANCE DE LA CAMPAGNE D'INFORMATIO
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1° Publications : Projet de progra
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THE TEACHING OF NATURE CONSERVATION
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THE TEACHING OF NATURE CONSERVATION
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idea that nature and her creatures
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II. — Mechanics of instruction in
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No matter which resource or problem
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fourth events and promises to be ev
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Spearheaded by support of President
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INTRODUCING IDEAS ON CONSERVATION I
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culture and national economy, as a
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have established that birds leave t
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FIELD STUDIES IN INDUSTRIALIZED STA
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of these students grow up without s
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conservation. Both these aims can b
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country and especially in a Nature
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nothing about his problem. The cons
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e made as to what kind to use and a
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practices such as pasture establish
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Further conclusions of the evaluati
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and volunteer to work on a communit
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From the above table it will be see
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APPENDIX « A ». Progress of soil
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de la santé et de la vie des homme
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l'activité économique de l'homme
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J'espère que les arguments qui pr
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Page 192 and 193: EXPERIENCES ENTREPRISES DANS LES EC
Page 194 and 195: Pour éviter la destruction lente a
Page 196 and 197: viande est une denrée rare et où
Page 198 and 199: globe, so that their response to an
Page 200 and 201: Parks Board and the Nature Conserva
Page 202 and 203: of « Nor the Moon by Night », bas
Page 204 and 205: 3. The words of Col. J. Stevenson-H
Page 206 and 207: Perhaps the most universal obstacle
Page 208 and 209: can appropriately be said on these
Page 210 and 211: sensitive human beings. The tendenc
Page 212 and 213: This is the belief that seed-eating
Page 214 and 215: RÉFLEXIONS SUR L'ANIMAL «UTILE»
Page 216 and 217: c) ennemis des produits emmagasiné
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Page 222 and 223: conservation work. And secondly, th
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Page 226 and 227: préparer les communautés locales
Page 228: — that means be sought for conven
Page 231 and 232: EXPOSÉ D'ENSEMBLE PAR J. DORST Rap
Page 233 and 234: L'Assemblée Générale a pris note
Page 235: propaganda by film, leaflet and oth
Page 239 and 240: intake of radioactivity. With this
Page 241 and 242: nuclear fission are shown in Table
Page 243 and 244: accident we are concerned, therefor
Page 245 and 246: Long term Hazards. So far I have be
Page 247 and 248: It is our belief that predictions o
Page 249 and 250: We interpret the situation as indic
Page 251 and 252: in soils is very low, perhaps 5 mil
Page 253 and 254: already indicated we attach particu
Page 255 and 256: 3. SQUIRE, H. M., MIDDLETON L. J.,
Page 257 and 258: Relance de la campagne d'informatio
Page 259 and 260: Quatrième Réunion Technique — F
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