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BENEFICIOS DEL MOMENTUM EN EL MERCADO ESPAÑOL:<br />
¿INCORRECTA ESPECIFICACIÓN DE LOS MODELOS DE VALORACIÓN O<br />
IRRACIONALIDAD DE LOS INVERSORES?<br />
RESUMEN<br />
La evid<strong>en</strong>cia previa <strong>en</strong> <strong>el</strong> <strong>mercado</strong> español ha puesto de manifiesto la exist<strong>en</strong>cia de un efecto<br />
<strong>mom<strong>en</strong>tum</strong> robusto ante ajustes tanto por CAPM como por <strong>el</strong> mo<strong>d<strong>el</strong></strong>o de tres factores de Fama y<br />
Fr<strong>en</strong>ch (1993). Este trabajo trata de ahondar <strong>en</strong> las posibles explicaciones de dicho f<strong>en</strong>óm<strong>en</strong>o<br />
analizando dos nuevos aspectos. En una primera parte se estudia la posibilidad de que los <strong>b<strong>en</strong>eficios</strong><br />
<strong>d<strong>el</strong></strong> <strong>mom<strong>en</strong>tum</strong> sean consecu<strong>en</strong>cia de la incorrecta especificación <strong>d<strong>el</strong></strong> mo<strong>d<strong>el</strong></strong>o de valoración utilizado.<br />
Dada la dificultad de explicar los <strong>b<strong>en</strong>eficios</strong> <strong>d<strong>el</strong></strong> <strong>mom<strong>en</strong>tum</strong> <strong>en</strong> base a esta alternativa, <strong>en</strong> una segunda<br />
parte se contrastan los mo<strong>d<strong>el</strong></strong>os conductistas de Dani<strong>el</strong> et al. (1998) y Hong y Stein (1999),<br />
<strong>en</strong>fr<strong>en</strong>tando los <strong>b<strong>en</strong>eficios</strong> <strong>d<strong>el</strong></strong> <strong>mom<strong>en</strong>tum</strong> ante las características de tamaño, ratio book-to-market y<br />
cobertura de analistas. Si bi<strong>en</strong> se obti<strong>en</strong>e que los <strong>b<strong>en</strong>eficios</strong> <strong>d<strong>el</strong></strong> <strong>mom<strong>en</strong>tum</strong> se conc<strong>en</strong>tran <strong>en</strong> títulos de<br />
baja capitalización, limitaciones <strong>en</strong> la muestra impid<strong>en</strong> obt<strong>en</strong>er resultados concluy<strong>en</strong>tes <strong>en</strong> r<strong>el</strong>ación a<br />
la validez de estos mo<strong>d<strong>el</strong></strong>os.<br />
Palabras clave: <strong>mom<strong>en</strong>tum</strong>, factores de riesgo, mo<strong>d<strong>el</strong></strong>os conductistas<br />
Clasificación JEL: G14, G11, G12<br />
ABSTRACT<br />
Previous evid<strong>en</strong>ce has demonstrated that the <strong>mom<strong>en</strong>tum</strong> effect is pres<strong>en</strong>t in the Spanish stock<br />
market, and that it can not be explained neither by the CAPM nor the Fama&Fr<strong>en</strong>ch (1993) three<br />
factor mo<strong>d<strong>el</strong></strong>. The aim of this paper is to deep<strong>en</strong> in the possible explanations of such ph<strong>en</strong>om<strong>en</strong>on by<br />
analyzing two new items. In the first part, the possibility that the <strong>mom<strong>en</strong>tum</strong> profits were the<br />
recomp<strong>en</strong>se for bearing some kind of risk not incorporated in this two mo<strong>d<strong>el</strong></strong>s has be<strong>en</strong> studied. Giv<strong>en</strong><br />
the failure of this first approach, in the second part, the behavioural mo<strong>d<strong>el</strong></strong>s of Dani<strong>el</strong> et al. (1998) and<br />
Hong and Stein (1999) have be<strong>en</strong> tested, by facing the <strong>mom<strong>en</strong>tum</strong> profits to the size, book-to-market<br />
and analyst coverage characteristics. While the results show that the <strong>mom<strong>en</strong>tum</strong> profits focus on small<br />
stocks, restrictions in the data hinder to obtain conclusive results regarding the validity of these two<br />
mo<strong>d<strong>el</strong></strong>s in explaining the Spanish <strong>mom<strong>en</strong>tum</strong>.<br />
Key words: <strong>mom<strong>en</strong>tum</strong>, risk factors, behavioural mo<strong>d<strong>el</strong></strong>s<br />
JEL classification: G14, G11, G12<br />
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