saqarTveloSi urbanuli quCis bavSvebis raodenoba da ... - Unicef.ge
saqarTveloSi urbanuli quCis bavSvebis raodenoba da ... - Unicef.ge
saqarTveloSi urbanuli quCis bavSvebis raodenoba da ... - Unicef.ge
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SemTxveva #5: erT-erT qalaqSi, `vorld viJenis~ paralelur kvlevaSi CarTuli bavSvebi sakuTar sacxovrebel pirobebs<br />
aRweren: Cven vcxovrobT xidTan (xidis qveS), <strong>da</strong>ngreuli qarxnis teritoriaze. Cven xelnakeTi saxlebi gvaqvs – karvebi an<br />
muyaos yuTisgan gakeTebuli barakebi. zogjer, erT karavSi 6 a<strong>da</strong>miani cxovrobs, zogjer - aTi. Cven ar gvaqvs sawoli <strong>da</strong><br />
iatakze gvZinavs. iatakze nagavSi napovni muyaos yuTebi an celofania <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>buli <strong>da</strong> imaze gvZinavs. ar gvaqvs ga<strong>da</strong>safarebeli<br />
<strong>da</strong> baliSebi. zogs aqvs Rumeli, magram Cveulebrivad ar aqvs SeSa. SeSas quCaSi vpoulobT <strong>da</strong> zogjer saxlSi mogvaqvs.<br />
erTxel, roca qalaqSi banki <strong>da</strong>iwva, viRac kacma Cveni RumelisaTvis namwvavebis narCenebi mogvitana. saxlebs kari <strong>da</strong><br />
fanjara ar aqvs <strong>da</strong> roca qari uberavs SigniT Zalian civa. ar aris wesieri saxuravi <strong>da</strong> wvimis wyali Camodis. sa<strong>da</strong>c vcxovrobT,<br />
arc gazi <strong>da</strong> arc eleqtroenergiaa. ar gvaqvs wyali <strong>da</strong> zogjer wyali kanistrebiT mogvaqvs. zog bavSvs or kviraSi<br />
erTxelac ki ar SeuZlia <strong>da</strong>bana.<br />
<strong>saqarTveloSi</strong>, <strong>quCis</strong> bavSvebze mimarTuli programebi<br />
usaxlkarobis sam formas gamohyofs. pir<strong>da</strong>piri usaxlkaroba<br />
niSnavs, rom bavSvs/ojaxs ar aqvs sacxovrebeli<br />
adgili, an cxovrobs a<strong>da</strong>mianis cxovrebisaTvis<br />
Seuferebel adgilas, rogoricaa: sxveni, korpusebis<br />
kibeebi, kioskebi <strong>da</strong> msgavsi. meore formaa arapir<strong>da</strong>piri<br />
usaxlkaroba, roca bavSvs/ojaxs sakuTreba ar<br />
aqvs <strong>da</strong> Zalian arastabilur <strong>da</strong> aramdgrad pirobebSi<br />
cxovrobs (magaliTad, viRacis binaSi erTi oTaxis<br />
<strong>da</strong>qiraveba arastabiluri Semosavlis pirobebSi, ris<br />
gamoc yovelTviurad ver ixdis ga<strong>da</strong>saxads <strong>da</strong> xSirad<br />
uwevs sxvagan ga<strong>da</strong>svla). arapir<strong>da</strong>piri usaxlkarobis<br />
kidev erTi formaa cxovrebisaTvis Seusabamo farTis<br />
qona. im SemTxvevaSic ki, roca <strong>saqarTveloSi</strong> <strong>quCis</strong><br />
bavSvebs/ojaxebs aqvT sacxovrebeli, maT ar gaaCniaT<br />
aucilebeli pirobebi – ngrevis piras myofi sacxovreblebi<br />
gazis, eleqtroenergiis, gaTbobisa <strong>da</strong> avejis<br />
gareSe ar SeiZleba Sesaferis sacxovrebel adgilad<br />
CaiTvalos. aseve, <strong>quCis</strong> <strong>bavSvebis</strong> ojaxebi xSirad ga<strong>da</strong>tvirTul<br />
pirobebSi cxovroben, sa<strong>da</strong>c ubralod<br />
sacxovreblad sakmarisi farTi ar aris <strong>da</strong> bavSvebs<br />
swavlisa <strong>da</strong> ganmartoebisaTvis pirobebi ar aqvT.<br />
SemTxveva #6: nino, skolis asakis sami <strong>quCis</strong> bavSvis martoxela de<strong>da</strong>, Tbilisis erT-erT miwisqveSa ga<strong>da</strong>sasvlelSi maTxovrobs.<br />
30 wlis asakSi ojaxuri problemebisa <strong>da</strong> ekonomikuri sirTuleebis gamo ninom bina <strong>da</strong>karga. ganaTlebis uqonlobis<br />
gamo <strong>da</strong> sami mcirewlovani bavSviT xelSi samsaxuris Sovna Zalian gauWir<strong>da</strong>. male ninos mwiri <strong>da</strong>nazogi amoiwura <strong>da</strong> mas<br />
patara oTaxis <strong>da</strong>qiravebac ki ar SeeZlo, sa<strong>da</strong>c bavSvebTan erTad icxovreb<strong>da</strong>. mas aravin egulebo<strong>da</strong> visac <strong>da</strong>saxmareblad<br />
mimarTav<strong>da</strong>. im dros, maTxovroba arsebobis erTaderTi gza Can<strong>da</strong>.<br />
yovel diliT, nino `misi~ miwisqveSa ga<strong>da</strong>sasvlelis kibeebze samaTxovrod marto midio<strong>da</strong>. SuadRisiT, skoli<strong>da</strong>n bavSvebi<br />
brundebodnen. nino maT diliT gamomuSavebuli fuliT nayid sendviCebs aZlev<strong>da</strong>. bavSvebi skolis CanTebze sxdebodnen,<br />
kibeebze skolis wignebsa <strong>da</strong> rveulebs gaSlidnen <strong>da</strong> nino saSinao <strong>da</strong>valebis momzadebaSi exmarebo<strong>da</strong>. saSinao <strong>da</strong>valebis<br />
<strong>da</strong>srulebis Semdeg, bavSvebi <strong>da</strong>rCenil dros axlomaxlo quCaSi atarebdnen, zogjer de<strong>da</strong>sTan erTad maTxovrobdnen adre<br />
saRamomde, roca de<strong>da</strong>s isini mitovebul sar<strong>da</strong>fSi mihyav<strong>da</strong>, sa<strong>da</strong>c isini iZinebdnen.<br />
arsebul pirobebSi, nino yvelanairad cdilob<strong>da</strong> ezruna bavSvebze. mas maTxovrobiT ZlivsZlivobiT gahqon<strong>da</strong> Tavi. igi<br />
cdilob<strong>da</strong> <strong>bavSvebis</strong>aTvis siyvaruli <strong>da</strong> yuradReba ar <strong>da</strong>eklo <strong>da</strong> rom isini mSivrebi ar yofiliyvnen <strong>da</strong> regularulad<br />
evloT skolaSi. roca mas socialuri muSakebi miuaxlovdnen <strong>da</strong> <strong>bavSvebis</strong> dRis centrSi gagzavna SesTavazes, ninom,<br />
miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa, rom idea misTvis miuRebeli ar iyo, upasuxa: `ubralod mapovnineT samsaxuri <strong>da</strong> Weri Tavze <strong>da</strong> Cven kvlav<br />
normalurad vicxovrebT~.<br />
zogi <strong>quCis</strong> bavSvi ekonomikuri siZneleebis konteqst-<br />
Si valebsac axsenebs. arasamTavrobo organizaciebi<strong>da</strong>n<br />
<strong>da</strong> `vorld viJenis~ paraleluri kvlevi<strong>da</strong>n miRebuli<br />
mtkicebulebebi cxadhyofs, rom <strong>quCis</strong> <strong>bavSvebis</strong><br />
ojaxebSi valebi bankebi<strong>da</strong>n aRebul sesxebs ar gulisxmobs,<br />
vinai<strong>da</strong>n bankebze am ojaxebs xeli iSviaTad miuwvdebaT.<br />
amis nacvlad, ojaxebi fuls araformalurad<br />
sesxuloben (magaliTad, adgilobriv maRaziaSi<br />
produqtebs nisiad yiduloben <strong>da</strong> mogvianebiT, valis<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>x<strong>da</strong> ar SeuZliaT, an momavali Semosavlis molodinSi<br />
ufro met rames yiduloben <strong>da</strong> mere <strong>da</strong>nakliss ver<br />
faraven). aseve, zogma bavSvma axsena azartul TamaSebSi<br />
monawileoba <strong>da</strong> Semdgom, azartuli TamaSebis mflobelebis<br />
mimarT valebi, romelic maT mogvianebiT un<strong>da</strong><br />
(an iZulebulni arian rom) ga<strong>da</strong>ixadon.<br />
zogi avtoris mtkicebiT, siRaribe SeiZleba ojaxis<br />
<strong>da</strong>Slis ZiriTadi mizezi iyos, romelic mere bavSvs<br />
quCaSi cxovrebisaken ubiZ<strong>ge</strong>bs. 21 sxvebi aRniSnaven,<br />
21. Apterkar, Lewis (2001), ibid.<br />
rom <strong>urbanuli</strong> siRaribe, romelsac xSirad socialuri<br />
izolacia axlavs Tan, bavSvebSi mijaWvulobasTan<br />
<strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli usafrTxoebis Camoyalibebis pirobebs<br />
uSlis xels. 22 <strong>saqarTveloSi</strong> ramdenime bavSvze zrunvis<br />
<strong>da</strong>wesebulebaSi Catarebuli kvleva 23 aRwers im negatiur<br />
gavlenas, rasac siRaribe qarTuli ojaxis cxovrebis<br />
xarisxze axdens <strong>da</strong> tkivils <strong>da</strong> eTikur dilemebs,<br />
romlis winaSec gaRatakebuli mSoblebi dganan,<br />
romelTac surT arCinon Svilebi, magram <strong>bavSvebis</strong><br />
aRzrdis movaleobis jerovnad Sesruleba ar ZaluZT.<br />
miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa, rom ekonomikuri sakiTxebi <strong>saqarTveloSi</strong><br />
<strong>bavSvebis</strong> quCaSi cxovrebis amxsneli mniSvnelovani<br />
faqtoria, igi erTaderT faqtorad ar Sei-<br />
Zleba ganvixiloT. qveynis masStabiT, siRaribis done<br />
22. Thomas de Benitez, Sarah (2007), State of the World’s Street Children: Violence,<br />
Consortium for Street Children Street Children Series, London<br />
23. Bolton, Paul; Murray, Laura; Semrau, Katherine; Wessells, Michael (2006),<br />
Causes of Children Living on the Street in Urban Georgia: A Qualitative Assessment;<br />
Boston University School of Public Health & Columbia University<br />
Program on Forced Migration and Health, for the Center for International<br />
Health, for Save the Children and USAID<br />
48 ❘ nu miwodebT <strong>quCis</strong> bavSvs
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