kari 5. biomravalferovneba da biologiuri ... - momxmarebeli.ge
kari 5. biomravalferovneba da biologiuri ... - momxmarebeli.ge
kari 5. biomravalferovneba da biologiuri ... - momxmarebeli.ge
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garemos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> bunebrivi resursebis saministro GTZ-Tan TanamSromlobiT<br />
amJamad amzadebs saqarTvelos habitatebis aRweras natura 2000-is ganmartebiT<br />
saxelmZRvanelos mixedviT (Habitat classification of Georgia according to Natura 2000<br />
Interpretation Manual for the EU).<br />
tyis ekosistemebi<br />
tyis ekosistemebs gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba aqvT saqarTveloSi<br />
biomravalferovnebis konservaciisaTvis. tyiT <strong>da</strong>farulia qveynis teritoriis<br />
39,9%. saqarTvelos tyeebis 97% bunebrivia. maTi didi nawili (98%) mTis tyeebs<br />
warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns <strong>da</strong> gaaCnia wyalmaregulirebeli, nia<strong>da</strong>gis <strong>da</strong>mcveli, klimatis<br />
mastabilizebeli funqciebi, amasTanave warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns mniSvnelovan<br />
adgilsamyofels mcenareTa <strong>da</strong> cxovelTa mravali reliqturi, endemuri <strong>da</strong><br />
safrTxis winaSe myofi saxeobisaTvis. saqarTveloSi jer kidev SemorCenilia<br />
TiTqmis xeluxlebeli tyis koromebi, romlebsac gaaCniaT udidesi<br />
konservaciuli Rirebuleba. tyis ekosistemebi gvxvdeba qveynis TiTqmis yvela<br />
regionSi, gamonakliss warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns mxolod javaxeTis plato, xolo xevisa <strong>da</strong><br />
TuSeTis regionebSi tyes Zalian mcire farTobi ukavia.<br />
<strong>da</strong>savleT saqarTveloSi tye zRvis doni<strong>da</strong>nvea gavrcelebuli, xolo<br />
aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi tyis sartyeli 600-700 metris simaRli<strong>da</strong>n iwyeba.<br />
saqarTvelos tyeebSi <strong>da</strong>axloebiT 400 saxeobis merqniani mcenare izrdeba.<br />
saqarTvelos dendrofloris 26% (104 saxeoba) saqarTvelosa <strong>da</strong> kavkasiis<br />
endemia. nia<strong>da</strong>gobriv <strong>da</strong> klimatur pirobebze <strong>da</strong>mokidebulebiT tyis ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d<br />
gavrcelebuli tipebia _ foTlovani, wiwvovani, subalpuri meCxeri <strong>da</strong><br />
tanbrecili, ariduli meCxeri <strong>da</strong> Walis tyeebi. foTlovan tyeebs ukavia tyiT<br />
<strong>da</strong>faruli farTobebis 81%, xolo wiwvovan tyeebs Sesabamisad, - 19%.<br />
saxeobebis mixedviT tyis fondi Semdegnaira<strong>da</strong>a warmod<strong>ge</strong>nili: wiflnarebi<br />
(46,6%). muxnarebi (10,6%), rcxilnarebi (8,8%), soWnarebi (7%), murynarebi (5,5%),<br />
naZvnarebi (4,5%), fiWvnarebi (4%), wablnarebi (3,2)%).<br />
<strong>da</strong>savleT saqarTvelos tyeebisaTvis <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebelia maradmwvane<br />
farTofoTlovani merqniani saxeobebis qvetye, romelic Seqmnilia reliqturi<br />
gvarebis Rhododendron, Epigaea, Ruscus, Ilex, Daphne, Hedera, Laurocerasus-is saxeobebiT:<br />
Sqeri (Rhododendron ponticum), un<strong>ge</strong>rnis Sqeri (Rhododendron un<strong>ge</strong>rnii), smirnovis Sqeri<br />
(Rhododendron smizhowii), wyavi (Laurocerasus officinalis), baZgi (Ilex colchica), Zmerxli<br />
(Ruscus calchicus), epi<strong>ge</strong>a (Epigaea gaultheroides), kolxuri suro (Hedera colchica) Daphne<br />
alboviana, D. pontica. aRniSnuli saxeobebi kolxeTis bio<strong>ge</strong>ografiuli provinciis<br />
tyeebSi qvetyes qmnian, rogorc <strong>da</strong>moukideblad, ise erTmaneTSi Sereuli<br />
nairgvari kombinaciebis saxiT, rac am tyeebis ganumeoreblobasa <strong>da</strong> maRal<br />
sakonservacio Rirebulebas ganapirobebs. kolxuri qvetye gansakuTrebiT kargad<br />
aris ganviTarebuli samxreT-<strong>da</strong>savleT kolxeTSi. aq is zRvis doni<strong>da</strong>n 2300-2400<br />
m-mde vrceldeba.<br />
aRsaniSnavia uTxovrisa (Taxus baccata) <strong>da</strong> Zelqvis (Zelkova carpinifolia) reliqturi<br />
tyeebi, romlebic SemorCenilia aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi bawarasa <strong>da</strong><br />
babaneuris nakrZalebSi.<br />
1800-1900 metris simaRli<strong>da</strong>n iwyeba subalpuri meCxeri anu `parkiseburi~ tyeebi,<br />
romlebsac ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d warmoqnian maRali mTis bokvi (Acer trautvetteri) <strong>da</strong><br />
maRalmTis muxa (Quercus macranthera).<br />
kavkasiis subalpur tanbrecil tyeebs qmnian wifeli (Fagis orientalis), aryi (Betula<br />
litwinowii) <strong>da</strong> imeruli xeWreli (Rhamnus imeretina). es tyeebi mdi<strong>da</strong>ria endemuri <strong>da</strong><br />
reliqturi saxeobebiT: megruli aryi (Betula megrelica), medvedevis aryi (B.<br />
medwedewii), pontouri muxa (Quercus pontica).
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