kari 5. biomravalferovneba da biologiuri ... - momxmarebeli.ge
kari 5. biomravalferovneba da biologiuri ... - momxmarebeli.ge
kari 5. biomravalferovneba da biologiuri ... - momxmarebeli.ge
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mTis tyeebis marTvaSi saTemo organizaciebis rolis gaZlierebas emsaxureba<br />
kavkasiis regionuli ekologiuri qselis evrokomisiis mxar<strong>da</strong>WeriT mimdinare<br />
proeqti `kavkasiis mTian regionebSi saTemo tyeebis marTvis politikisa <strong>da</strong><br />
praqtikis ganviTarebis xelSewyoba~. <strong>da</strong>saxlebuli punqtebis axlomdebare<br />
tyeebs, gansakuTrebiT maRal mTebSi, gar<strong>da</strong> ekonomikuri mniSvnelobisa,<br />
yovelTvis gaaCn<strong>da</strong>T kulturuli faseulobebi, romelic maT dRemde aqvT<br />
SenarCunebuli. proeqti xels uwyobs saTemo tyeebis marTvis samarTlebrivi,<br />
instituciuri <strong>da</strong> teqnikuri meqanizmebis SemuSavebas, agreTve, soflis<br />
mosaxleobis uflebebis <strong>da</strong>cvsa tyiTsar<strong>ge</strong>blobis sakiTxebSi <strong>da</strong> tyis<br />
resursebis mdgrad gamoyenebas. proeqti mimarTulia sasoflo Temebisa <strong>da</strong><br />
adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis cnobierebis amaRlebaze. proeqti<br />
mxars <strong>da</strong>uWers, agreTve, tyis ekosistemebis aRd<strong>ge</strong>nis ga<strong>da</strong>udebel RonisZiebebs,<br />
romelTa gatareba aucilebelia mimdebare soflebis <strong>da</strong>cvisaTvis stiqiuri<br />
movlenebisagan (mewyerebi <strong>da</strong> zvavebi).<br />
soflis meurneoba<br />
soflis meurneoba saqarTvelos ekonomikis erT-erTi tradiciuli <strong>da</strong> wamyvani<br />
<strong>da</strong>rgia. qveynis bunebrivi pirobebi (nayofieri nia<strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>bi <strong>da</strong> klimati) uaRresad<br />
xelsayrel pirobebs qmnis rogorc miwaTmoqmedebis, ise mecxoveleobisaTvis.<br />
tradiciuli sasoflo-sameurneo kulturebia vazi, xorbali, simindi,<br />
mravalgari xexili, citrusebi <strong>da</strong> Cai. mecxoveleobis tradiciuli <strong>da</strong>r<strong>ge</strong>bia<br />
mecxvareoba <strong>da</strong> mesaqonleoba; ganviTarebulia, agreTve, mefutkreoba.<br />
sasoflo-sameurneo savargulebs uWiravs 3 025,8 aTasi heqtari, rac qveynis<br />
saerTo farTobis 43,5%-ia. maT Soris saxnavebsa <strong>da</strong> mravawlian nargavebs<br />
uWiravs 1056,6 aTasi ha (qveynis saerTo farTobis 15,2%), saTibebsa <strong>da</strong> saZovrebs<br />
1940,4 ha (qveynis saerTo farTobis 27,9%).<br />
gar<strong>da</strong>maval periodSi (sabWoTa kavSiris <strong>da</strong>Slis Semdgom) sasoflo-samurneo<br />
seqtors bevri sirTule Seeqmna, rac pirvel rigSi ganpirobebuli iyo<br />
sasoflo-sameurneo warmoebis saSualebebze fasebis swrafi zrdiT <strong>da</strong><br />
produqciis fasebis klebiT, rac centralizebuli momara<strong>ge</strong>bis sistemis<br />
moSliTa <strong>da</strong> Tavisufal bazarTan mierTebiT iyo gamowveuli. tradiciuli<br />
bazrebis <strong>da</strong>kargvis gamo saqarTveloSi mkveTrad Semcir<strong>da</strong> xilis, yurZnis,<br />
citrusebisa <strong>da</strong> Cais warmoeba gasuli saukunis 80-ian wlebTan Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT. 2004<br />
wlis sasoflo-sameurneo aRweris monacemebis Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT 1988 wlis monacemebTan<br />
irkveva, rom mravalwliani nargavebis farTobi Semcirebulia 245,4 aTasi ha-iT,<br />
saxnavi miwebis – 364 aTasi heqtariT. 2008 wlis monacemebiT muSavdeba 329 aTasi<br />
ha saxnavi miwebi (saxnavi miwebis mxolod 41%). mitovebuli sasaoflo-sameurneo<br />
teritoriebis did nawili gavelur<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> maTi garkveuli nawili<br />
naxevradbunebriv habitateba<strong>da</strong>c ki Camoyalib<strong>da</strong>.<br />
bolo 20 wlis ganmavlobaSi mniSvnelovan cvlilebebs adgili qon<strong>da</strong> sasoflosameurneo<br />
praqtikaSic. mag. mkveTrad Semcir<strong>da</strong> sasuqebisa <strong>da</strong> pesticidebis<br />
gamoyeneba, ris gamoc saerTo zegavlena garemoze <strong>da</strong> <strong>biomravalferovneba</strong>ze<br />
mniSvnelovnad Semcir<strong>da</strong>. 80-ian wlebSi gamoiyenebo<strong>da</strong> 600 aTas tonamde<br />
mineraluri sasuqi, 90-iani wlebis Sua periodSi sul gamoyenebuli iqna<br />
<strong>da</strong>axloebiT 12 aTasi tona mineraluri sasuqi. amJamad aRiniSneba sasuqebis<br />
moxmarebis zr<strong>da</strong> (2008 wels 52,7aTasi tona), magram maTi moxmarebis done mainc<br />
umniSvneloa 80-ian wlebTan Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT. aseve, mkveTra<strong>da</strong>a Semcirebuli<br />
pesticidebis gamoyeneba. 2008 wels pesticidebiT <strong>da</strong>muSavebuli erTwliani <strong>da</strong><br />
mravalwlovani nargavebis farTobi iyo 142,4 aTasi ha (saxnavebisa <strong>da</strong><br />
mravalwliani nargavebiT <strong>da</strong>kavebuli farTobis 13,4%). qimikatebis moxmarebis
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