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VIII samuSao<br />
liToneb<strong>is</strong> mominanqreba<br />
minanqari ar<strong>is</strong> Txeli, gaumWvirvale min<strong>is</strong>ebri safari,<br />
romelic icavs liTon<strong>is</strong> nakeTobas agresiuli si-<br />
Txeeb<strong>is</strong>a da aireb<strong>is</strong> zemoqmedeb<strong>is</strong>agan da Tanac aZlevs<br />
mas lamaz garegnul iers.<br />
minanqari, min<strong>is</strong> msgavsad, miiReba mT<strong>is</strong> qaneb<strong>is</strong> SednobiT<br />
e. w. mdnobebTan. Cveulebriv iyeneben Semdeg qanebs:<br />
kvarc<strong>is</strong> qviSas, mindvr<strong>is</strong> Spats da pegmatits.<br />
mdnobebs miekuTvneba soda, boraki, potaSi, gvarjila da<br />
sxva masalebi, romlebic mT<strong>is</strong> qanebTan qmnian advildnobad<br />
naerTebs. MmT<strong>is</strong> qanebi da mdnobeni, Cveulebriv,<br />
minanqr<strong>is</strong> Sedgenilobs 80-85%-ia. am masaleb<strong>is</strong> SednobiT<br />
miiReba metad Tu naklebad gamWvirvale mina. aseTi mina<br />
ar gamodgeba liTon<strong>is</strong> zedapir<strong>is</strong> dasafarad, radgan mas-<br />
Si gamosWviv<strong>is</strong> liToni, rac afuWebs nakeTob<strong>is</strong> garegnul<br />
saxes. amitom am masalebs umateben e. w. „gamyu-<br />
Cebelebs”, anu nivTierebebs min<strong>is</strong>aTv<strong>is</strong> gaumWvirvalob<strong>is</strong><br />
m<strong>is</strong>aniWeblad da saRebavebs - sasurveli fer<strong>is</strong> m<strong>is</strong>acemad.<br />
gamyuCeblebad gamoiyeneba mdnobi Spati, krioliTi,<br />
natrium<strong>is</strong> silicium-ftoridi da kal<strong>is</strong>, stibium<strong>is</strong>, cirkonium<strong>is</strong>a<br />
da titan<strong>is</strong> oqsidebi. saRebavebad – spilen-<br />
Z<strong>is</strong>, qrom<strong>is</strong>, kobalt<strong>is</strong>, nikel<strong>is</strong>a da sxva liToneb<strong>is</strong> oqsidebi.<br />
yvela aRniSnul masalas winaswar aSroben, aqucmaceben;<br />
Semdeg ureven saWiro proporciiT da Seadnoben<br />
RumelSi 1150-1300 0 C-ze. am temperaturaze kazmSi mimdinareobs<br />
mravali fizikuri da qimiuri gardaqmna; igi<br />
dneba, lRveba da iqceva erTgvarovan blant masad. am masas<br />
ewodeba minanqr<strong>is</strong> Senadnobi. mas CauSveben civ wyal-<br />
79<br />
Si, sadac swrafad gaciveb<strong>is</strong> gamo imsxvreva mcire zom<strong>is</strong><br />
granulebad.<br />
minanqars nakeTob<strong>is</strong> zedapirze afenen ori xerxiT:<br />
mSrali (fxvnil<strong>is</strong> meTodi) - wmindad daqucmacebuli<br />
fxvnil<strong>is</strong> saxiT da sveli (Sliker<strong>is</strong> meTodi) – minanqr<strong>is</strong><br />
wyal-suspenzi<strong>is</strong> saxiT, romelsac Slikeri ewodeba.<br />
Semdeg danafarian nakeTobas gamowvaven 800-900 0 C-ze.<br />
gamowv<strong>is</strong> Sedegad minanqr<strong>is</strong> nawilakebi Seadneba erTmaneTs<br />
da warmoiqmneba erTiani min<strong>is</strong>ebri danafari. kargi<br />
Sedegebi miiReba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, roca nakeTobas<br />
TanamimdevrobiT faraven ori sax<strong>is</strong> minanqriT: fuZe minanqriT,<br />
romelsac afenen uSualod liTon<strong>is</strong> zedapirze<br />
da damfaravi minanqriT, romelic ukve gamomwvar fuZe<br />
minanqarze unda daefinos. daniSnuleb<strong>is</strong> mixedviT minanqari<br />
SeiZleba iyos teqnikuri da mxatvruli. teqnikuri<br />
minanqriT ZiriTdad faraven Tuj<strong>is</strong>a da folad<strong>is</strong> nake-<br />
Tobebs, korozi<strong>is</strong>agan dacv<strong>is</strong> mizniT. mxatvruli an saiuveliro<br />
minanqari gamoiyeneba oqros, vercxl<strong>is</strong>a da<br />
spilenZ<strong>is</strong> nakeTobaTa mosapirkeTeblad.<br />
ar SeiZleba aq ar aRvniSnoT, rom mxatvruli<br />
minanqr<strong>is</strong> teqnologiam, romelic gasul saukuneebSi Ca<strong>is</strong>axa,<br />
Cvens qveyanaSi umaRles dones miaRwia. mTel<br />
msoflioSi cnobilia qarTuli tixruli minanqr<strong>is</strong> maRalmxatvruli<br />
nimuSebi. tixruli minanqr<strong>is</strong> saiuveliro<br />
nakeTobaTa damzadeb<strong>is</strong> teqnologia, romelic erTxans<br />
dakargulad iTvleboda, amJamad <strong>is</strong>ev aRorZinda da warmatebiT<br />
viTardeba.<br />
minanqr<strong>is</strong> danafari unda akmayofilebdes Semdeg<br />
moTxovnebs: a) mWidrod ekvrodes liTons; b) uZlebdes<br />
temperatur<strong>is</strong> cvlilebas, ar unda ibzarebodes da cildebodes<br />
liTons; g) iyos Tanabari da moelvare, advilad<br />
iwmindebodes; d) iyos mkvrivi, e. i. ar unda hqon-<br />
80
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