Rifiuti da centrali termoelettriche - ARPAL

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PHARE TWINNING PROJECT RO2004/IB/EN-07 GUIDELINES ON INDUSTRIAL - THERMOELECTRIC PLANTS XX The amount of CCPs produced in the EU-15 power plants totals 55 million tonnes. The follow Figure shows the shares of the different CCPs produced in 1999. Almost 70 % of the total CCPs are yielded as fly ash. All combustion residues add up to 85.1 % and FGD residues up to 13.9 % by mass. Most of the CCPs produced were used in the building industry, in civil engineering, and as construction materials in underground mining (55.3 %) or for the restoration of open cast mines, quarries and pits (33.2 %). In 1999, only 2.2 % were temporarily stockpiled for future use and 9.3 % were disposed of (Figure 4.47). CCP utilisation varies between Member States, since climate, taxes and the legal situations also vary. In some EU-15 countries the utilisation rate for CCPs is nearly 100 %, whereas in other countries the utilisation rate will not exceed 10 % due to existing unfavourable conditions, such as heavy metal content, loss of ignition, free and total Ca content, Cl, etc. The utilisation of desulphurisation products also varies within the EU. In some countries, spray dry absorption (SDA) products are utilised in the construction industry and as fertiliser, in other countries it is disposed of. The FGD gypsum is utilised for the production of plasterboards and self-levelling floor 84
PHARE TWINNING PROJECT RO2004/IB/EN-07 GUIDELINES ON INDUSTRIAL - THERMOELECTRIC PLANTS XX screeds, as well as a retarder for cement. The observed development in utilisation rates is caused by a general acceptance of the materials as products. This improvement has been achieved by research activities, practical experience and by marketing efforts. The rates for utilisation and disposal of different CCPs in 1999 are shown in Figure. In 1999, as much as 45 to 48 % of the combustion residues were utilised in the construction industry and in underground mining, 37 to 41 % in the restoration of open cast mines, quarries and pits, up to 2 % were stockpiled, and between 10 and 15 % were disposed of. Nearly 86 % of both SDA product and FGD gypsum were utilised in the construction industry and in underground mining. For the restoration of open cast mines, quarries and pits 11 % of the SDA product and nearly 6 % of FGD gypsum were used, and nearly 6 % of the FGD gypsum is stored in temporary stockpiles for future use. Only very small amounts of the CCPs had to be disposed of [90, ECOBA v. Berg, 1999]. 85
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Rifiuti da centrali termoelettriche - ARPAL

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