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Petria - “Dosi ridotte di rame e prodotti alternativi per la difesa antiperonosporica”raggiunto ottimi indici di protezioni finali sia su foglia sia su grappolo, sono emersedelle differenze statistiche solo su grappolo, non relazionabili comunque con il tipodi strategia adottata.La sperimentazione triennale ha messo in evidenza, che l’adozione diuna strategia di difesa antiperonosporica basata sul modello EPI può concorrere indiversa misura, a seconda dei prodotti e delle varie condizioni meteorologiche, adun più razionale utilizzo dei limitati quantitativi di rame a disposizione, quale unicapossibilità contro gli attacchi di Plasmopara viticola in agricoltura biologica.Parole chiave: Basso dosaggio, Modelli epidemici, Rame.Field assay on the application of an EPI-based strategy againstPlasmopara viticola in organic viticultureThree experimental assays were carried out from 2007 to 2009 on cv Merlotin the Colli Euganei district (PD). These were aimed at optimizing downy mildewmanagement in organic vineyards, without exceeding the limits for copper use imposedby the European Community. The conventional strategy was based on repeatedtreatments, assuring continuous protection to the grapevines; this was compared withan alternative strategy derived from the epidemic simulations performed by the EPI(Etat Potentiel d’Infection) model, so as to avoid superfluous fungicide applicationand to treat the vineyard at the right time. Over the different years, both of thesestrategies used six different formulates, containing different forms and percentagesof copper.In 2007, downy mildew reached very limited incidence in the experimentalvineyard, and EPI provided low infection risk all through the grapevine vegetativeseason. The conventional and EPI strategies required application of eleven and twotreatments, respectively. The results obtained in the plots treated according to thedifferent strategies showed some significant differences, but limited damage was seenin the treated plots, where the symptomatic surface reached 2% on leaves and 6% onclusters.In 2008, the subsequent rainy periods and the mild temperatures registered inthe field favoured the occurrence of severe infections, which caused, in turn, completedefoliation and total yield loss in the untreated plot. Both of the strategies requiredthe same number of treatments. The treated plots were significantly different from theuntreated plot and from each other, depending on the formulate used.In 2009, the downy mildew incidence was moderate. The EPI showed ahigh infection risk at the beginning of the season, which progressively decreased andreached negative values in June. Only in July were severe infections forecast by themodel. The EPI strategy avoided the application of four treatments in comparisonwith the conventional strategy. The formulates used on the different experimentalplots provided very good protection indexes both on the leaves and on the bunches:23
Petria 20 (1), 1-72 (2010) – Atti Convegno - Ancona, 26 Febbraio/February 2010statistically significant differences that were not induced by the application strategieswere detected only on the clusters.The experimental assays carried out for these three consecutive years showedthat the downy mildew management strategy suggested by the EPI model can contributeto different extents, depending on the formulates and the climatic conditions, to morerational use of the limited copper quantities allowed by the European Communityregulations of organic viticulture.Key words: Copper, Epidemic models, Low dose.24
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