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Econofisica: Finanza e Processi Stocastici - Infn

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Indice1 Introduzione 31.1 Sviluppo storico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.2 Random walk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.2.1 Binomiale e Gaussiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.2.2 Binomiale e Poisson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.2.3 Lognormale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Richiami di robabilità e processi stocastici 92.1 Probabilità . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.2 <strong>Processi</strong> stocastici . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.2.1 Martingale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152.2.2 <strong>Processi</strong> di Markov . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162.3 Calcolo stocastico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212.3.1 Integrale stocastico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212.3.2 EDS e formula di Itô . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242.4 Movimento browniano libero . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243 Modelli finanziari 293.1 Nozioni iniziali . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293.2 Teoria di Black–Scholes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353.2.1 Soluzione dell’equazione di Black–Scholes . . . . . . . . . . . . 383.3 Oltre il movimento Browniano geometrico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401

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