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of the madeira and selvagens archipelagos - redmic

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A diversidade de briófitos em florestas laurifólias, a sua<br />

ecologia e afinidades biogeográficas com a flora de regiões<br />

tropicais da América do Sul e de África, e ainda com Europa<br />

continental, têm sido temas de diversos estudos (Sim -Sim<br />

et al. 2004; 2005a, b; Stech & Sim -Sim 2006; Stech et al.<br />

2006, 2007). Recentemente, trabalhos do mesmo âmbito,<br />

em ecossistemas costeiros da ilha da Madeira, Porto<br />

Santo, Desertas e Selvagens, estão igualmente curso. No<br />

entanto, alguns briófitos foram colhidos anteriormente nas<br />

mesmas áreas das ilhas de Porto Santo, Desertas e Selvagens,<br />

no âmbito da revisão de alguns grupos taxonómicos<br />

(e.g. Fontinha et al. 1997; Sim -Sim 1999; Sim -Sim et<br />

al. 2000; Freitas & Brehm 2001; Fontinha 2005; Luis et al.<br />

2005). Como resultado destes estudos foram descritas novas<br />

comunidades de briófitos, novos registos para a ilha e<br />

novas espécies para a ciência.<br />

A primeira lista de briófitos da Madeira foi apresentada<br />

por Geheeb & Herzog (1910), e incluía 164 musgos e cerca<br />

de 85 hepáticas. Sete décadas mais tarde, Eggers (1982)<br />

publicou uma lista de 450 briófitos (303 musgos e 147 hepáticas)<br />

para a Madeira, com detalhes acerca da distribuição<br />

dos briófitos nos diferentes arquipélagos da Região Macaronésica.<br />

O mais recente estudo publicado por Sérgio et al.<br />

(2006) consiste numa actualização do catálogo de todos os<br />

taxa de briófitos conhecidos e respectiva bibliografia, tendo<br />

servido de base ao presente estudo. Com este catálogo foi<br />

possível determinar o número cumulativo de taxa de briófitos<br />

registados e publicados em diferentes períodos (1787 -1910;<br />

1911 -1982; 1983 -2007) no arquipélago da Madeira (Fig. 1).<br />

S<br />

550<br />

500<br />

450<br />

400<br />

350<br />

300<br />

250<br />

200<br />

150<br />

100<br />

50<br />

0<br />

Hepatics<br />

Mosses<br />

85<br />

164<br />

1910<br />

147<br />

303<br />

126<br />

tropics <strong>of</strong> South America <strong>and</strong> Africa as well as to Continental<br />

Europe have been investigated, resulting in more accurate<br />

knowledge about <strong>the</strong>se topics (Sim -Sim et al. 2004; 2005a,b;<br />

Stech & Sim -Sim 2006; Stech et al. 2006, 2007). Similar research,<br />

concerning <strong>the</strong> bryophytes <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> coastal ecosystems<br />

<strong>of</strong> Madeira Isl<strong>and</strong>, Porto Santo, Desertas <strong>and</strong> Selvagens, is<br />

currently being undertaken. Even so, bryophytes have been<br />

recorded only occasionally at Porto Santo, Desertas <strong>and</strong> Selvagens,<br />

in <strong>the</strong> context <strong>of</strong> broader systematic treatments (e.g.<br />

Fontinha et al. 1997; Sim -Sim 1999; Sim -Sim et al. 2000;<br />

Freitas & Brehm 2001; Fontinha 2005; Luis et al. 2005). As a<br />

result <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se studies new taxa were described for <strong>the</strong> first<br />

time as well as new communities <strong>of</strong> bryophytes <strong>and</strong> species<br />

were found to be new to Madeira.<br />

The earliest Madeira list <strong>of</strong> mosses was presented by<br />

Geheeb & Herzog (1910), <strong>and</strong> includes 164 mosses <strong>and</strong> ca.<br />

85 liverworts. More than seventy years later, Eggers (1982)<br />

published a detailed account <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> distribution <strong>of</strong> bryophytes<br />

on all <strong>the</strong> Macaronesian <strong>archipelagos</strong> that included 450 bryophytes<br />

(303 mosses <strong>and</strong> 147 liverworts) for Madeira.<br />

The main base for current work is <strong>the</strong> latest paper published<br />

by Sérgio et al. (2006) consisting <strong>of</strong> an updated catalogue<br />

that can be used as a checklist <strong>of</strong> all known bryophyte<br />

taxa in <strong>the</strong> Madeira archipelago. With this catalogue it was<br />

possible to check <strong>the</strong> number <strong>of</strong> taxa recorded in different<br />

periods (1787 -1910; 1911 -1982; 1983 -2007). These data<br />

are plotted cumulatively for different periods <strong>and</strong> represent<br />

<strong>the</strong> number <strong>of</strong> known taxa based upon <strong>the</strong> published account<br />

<strong>of</strong> bryophytes from <strong>the</strong> Madeira archipelago (Fig. 1)<br />

179<br />

333<br />

1982 2007<br />

Figura 1. Número de taxa de briófitos (S) registados no arquipélago da Madeira em diferentes períodos temporais<br />

(até 1910; 1911 -1982; 1983 -2007).<br />

Figure 1. Number <strong>of</strong> bryophyte taxa (S) reported to Madeira in different periods (until 1910; 1911 -1982; 1983 -2007).

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