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of the madeira and selvagens archipelagos - redmic

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No que se refere ao reino Fungi, as ordens com maior<br />

número de espécies e subespécies são as Agaricales (200),<br />

Pucciniales (88), Boletales (37), Polyporales (34) e Russulales<br />

(24), nos Basidiomycota, e Pezizales (46), Helotiales<br />

(38), Capnodiales (30) e Xylariales (24), nos Ascomycota<br />

(Fig. 1). Uma percentagem muito gr<strong>and</strong>e de ordens, cerca<br />

de 36%, está representada só por 1 ou 2 espécies. Esta<br />

percentagem é muito mais elevada qu<strong>and</strong>o se entra em<br />

consideração com os géneros: 78,8% estão representados<br />

no arquipélago só por 1 ou 2 espécies, 14,6% por 3 a 5<br />

espécies, 4,6% por 6 a 9 espécies e, acima de 10 espécies,<br />

só se encontram 1,7% dos géneros. Puccinia e Uromyces,<br />

conhecidos vulgarmente sob o nome de ferrugens, são os<br />

géneros com maior diversidade, respectivamente com 46 e<br />

20 espécies e subespécies; seguem -se os géneros Mycena<br />

(16 espécies), Hygrocybe (13 espécies), Agaricus (10 espécies)<br />

e Russula (10 espécies), todos cosmopolitas, com<br />

larga distribuição mundial.<br />

S<br />

200<br />

190<br />

180<br />

170<br />

160<br />

150<br />

140<br />

130<br />

120<br />

110<br />

100<br />

90<br />

80<br />

70<br />

60<br />

50<br />

40<br />

30<br />

20<br />

10<br />

0<br />

Agaricales<br />

Pucciniales<br />

Pezizales<br />

Helotiales<br />

Boletales<br />

Polyporales<br />

Capnodiales<br />

Xylariales<br />

Ascom- Inc. sedis<br />

Russulales<br />

Pleosporales<br />

Erysiphales<br />

64<br />

ging to <strong>the</strong> Basidiomycota, <strong>and</strong> Pezizales (46), Helotiales<br />

(38), Capnodiales (30) <strong>and</strong> Xylariales (24) belonging to <strong>the</strong><br />

Ascomycota. A considerable percentage <strong>of</strong> orders (36%) is<br />

represented by only one or two species. This percentage<br />

grows when <strong>the</strong> genera are taken into account: 78.8% are<br />

represented by only one or two species, 14.6% by three to<br />

five species, 4.6% by six to nine species <strong>and</strong> only 1.7% <strong>of</strong><br />

<strong>the</strong> genera are represented by more than 10 species. The<br />

genera Puccinia <strong>and</strong> Uromyces, commonly known as rusts,<br />

are <strong>the</strong> highest diverse genera, with 46 <strong>and</strong> 20 species <strong>and</strong><br />

subspecies, respectively. They are followed by <strong>the</strong> genera<br />

Mycena (16 species), Hygrocybe (13 species), Agaricus (10<br />

species) <strong>and</strong> Russula (10 species), all <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m with a worldwide<br />

distribution.<br />

Hymenochaetales<br />

Ordens (orders)<br />

Figura 1. Curva de distribuição das ordens de fungos verdadeiros representadas por 5 ou mais taxa (S) nos arquipélagos da Madeira e Selvagens.<br />

Figure 1. Frequency <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> orders <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> true Fungi represented by five or more taxa (S) in <strong>the</strong> Madeira <strong>and</strong> Selvagens <strong>archipelagos</strong>.<br />

Hypocreales<br />

Cantharellales<br />

Hysteriales<br />

Diaporthales<br />

Sordar. - Inc. sedis<br />

Ustilaginales<br />

Botryosphaeriales<br />

Rhytismatales<br />

Dothideales<br />

Eurotiales<br />

Phallales

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