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of the madeira and selvagens archipelagos - redmic

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Tendo em consideração a ressalva já efectuada no capítulo<br />

da metodologia no que se refere aos possíveis endemismos,<br />

estes representam cerca de 4,9% do número<br />

total de fungos registados no arquipélago. Como se verifica<br />

na Fig. 2, é extraordinariamente descontínua a descrição<br />

destas espécies para a região, o que reflecte bem a falta de<br />

estudos continuados sobre estes organismos. É no grupo<br />

dos fungos Ascomycota que se encontra gr<strong>and</strong>e parte dos<br />

taxa endémicos, sendo Chaetomella o género mais rico,<br />

com 7 espécies.<br />

S<br />

40<br />

35<br />

30<br />

25<br />

20<br />

15<br />

10<br />

5<br />

0<br />

1830<br />

1840<br />

1850<br />

1860<br />

1870<br />

1880<br />

1890<br />

1900<br />

1910<br />

65<br />

Heeding <strong>the</strong> necessary caution regarding <strong>the</strong> endemic<br />

status <strong>of</strong> Fungi (explained above), about 4.9% <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fungi<br />

recorded for Madeira <strong>and</strong> Selvagens are endemic. As observed<br />

in Fig. 2, <strong>the</strong> description rate <strong>of</strong> endemic taxa has<br />

been irregular over time, which likely is a consequence <strong>of</strong><br />

<strong>the</strong> lack <strong>of</strong> systematic studies for <strong>the</strong>se organisms. Most<br />

<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> endemic Fungi belong to <strong>the</strong> Ascomycota, with <strong>the</strong><br />

genus Chaetomella as <strong>the</strong> richest in number <strong>of</strong> endemic<br />

species (seven).<br />

Figura 2. Curva de acumulação das espécies e subespécies de fungos endémicos (S) descritas ao longo das décadas, para os arquipélagos da Madeira<br />

e Selvagens. As barras indicam o número efectivo de taxa endémicos descritos por década; os pontos mostram o número acumulado de taxa.<br />

Figure 2. Cumulative discovery curve <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> endemic Fungi species <strong>and</strong> subspecies in <strong>the</strong> Madeira <strong>and</strong> Selvagens <strong>archipelagos</strong>. Data points correspond<br />

to <strong>the</strong> cumulative distribution <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> number <strong>of</strong> endemic taxa (S) based on <strong>the</strong> decade <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir scientific description. Bars represent <strong>the</strong> number<br />

<strong>of</strong> endemic taxa described in each decade.<br />

5. Padrões biogeográficos: semelhança com outras<br />

ilhas da Macaronésia<br />

A proporção em que as principais classes de fungos<br />

ocorrem na Madeira foi comparada com os resultados das<br />

outras ilhas macaronésicas, apesar da diferença do universo<br />

em questão. Na verdade, é muito desigual o nível de<br />

conhecimento que existe sobre estes organismos nos diferentes<br />

arquipélagos: na Madeira foram referidos 743 taxa,<br />

nos Açores 495, nas Canárias, as ilhas mais bem estudadas,<br />

1769 (Tejera 2004) e em Cabo Verde só se compilaram<br />

63 (Baudet 2005).<br />

1920<br />

Décadas (decades)<br />

1930<br />

1940<br />

1950<br />

1960<br />

5. Biogeographical patterns: similarities with o<strong>the</strong>r<br />

Macaronesian isl<strong>and</strong>s<br />

The proportion <strong>of</strong> occurrence for <strong>the</strong> main Fungi classes<br />

in <strong>the</strong> Madeira <strong>and</strong> Selvagens <strong>archipelagos</strong> was compared<br />

with that <strong>of</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r Macaronesian isl<strong>and</strong>s, despite <strong>the</strong> difference<br />

in pertaining knowledge. In fact, <strong>the</strong> level <strong>of</strong> existing<br />

knowledge on <strong>the</strong>se organisms is very disproportionate between<br />

<strong>the</strong> <strong>archipelagos</strong>: 743 taxa were referred to Madeira<br />

<strong>and</strong> Selvagens, 495 to Azores, 1,769 to Canary Isl<strong>and</strong>s, <strong>the</strong><br />

better studied archipelago (Tejera 2004), while in Cape Verde<br />

only 63 taxa were compiled (Baudet 2005).<br />

1970<br />

1980<br />

1990<br />

2000

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