Mastocitoma Canino e Leishmaniose Visceral em Cao - Qualittas

ABSTRACT
A growing number of cases of leishmaniasis are occurring on small
animals. The case study presented in this article shows a delay on a
definitive diagnosis, partly because of the concurrent development of a
mast cell tumor grade II and also because the leishmaniasis vaccination
was not preceded by a more reliable sequence of serologic testing than
ELISA assay alone.
Several factors are relevant to the case. For the treatment of the mast cell
tumor grade II, surgical resection was performed combined with
chemotherapy with vincristine sulfate associated to prednisone. For
leishmaniosis, antimoniate n-metil-glutamine was used. The patient
initially presented a rapid growing, painless intracutaneous nodule. An
excisional biopsy and histopatological findings were important for the
tumor grade II diagnosis.
During the treatment, the patient dermatological manifestations,
erythematous nodules and pruritus, pointed to the possibility of
paraneoplastic syndrome, which was investigated. After several tests and
no metastase tumor being observed, a bone marrow aspiration was
performed, when the presence of amastigote forms of Leishmania sp was
observed.
This was an unexpected result since the animal had been
vaccinated against Leishmaniosis. The owners were then informed of the
possible options and outcomes. They opted by immediate treatment as
presented on this article. At the time of this writing, the animal is
stable, with adequate renal and hepatic functions and hematological panel
within normal ranges.
The purpose of this article is to alert for possible flaws on the
immunization programs and on pre-immunization diagnosis, as well as to
present a viable treatment that may provide the patient with good quality of
life.
Key-words: mastocytosis, mast cell tumors, leishmaniosis, Leishmania sp.
7