ushoroba wa msitu wa derema - Eastern Arc Mountains ...
ushoroba wa msitu wa derema - Eastern Arc Mountains ...
ushoroba wa msitu wa derema - Eastern Arc Mountains ...
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RASIMU<br />
ya uzalishaji <strong>wa</strong> kila mwezi <strong>wa</strong> kila zao lililokomaa na kuzidisha mara 36 kupata jumla<br />
ya thamani ya zao linalohusika. K<strong>wa</strong> yale mazao ambayo yaliku<strong>wa</strong> bado kukomaa<br />
yalifany<strong>wa</strong> makadirio ya uzalishaji <strong>wa</strong> kila m<strong>wa</strong>ka na kuondoa vipengele ambavyo<br />
viliingiz<strong>wa</strong> katika mahesabu ya kipindi cha miezi 36. Hata hivyo mantiki hii haifanyi<br />
kazi k<strong>wa</strong> upande <strong>wa</strong> Derema. Hasa k<strong>wa</strong> mazao kama iliki na pilipili manga k<strong>wa</strong>ni<br />
mashamba ya <strong>msitu</strong>ni hayawezi ku<strong>wa</strong> na mbadala. Hii ni k<strong>wa</strong> sababu kivuli cha <strong>msitu</strong> na<br />
unyevu <strong>wa</strong>ke ni hali zilizo muhimu sana katika uzalishaji <strong>wa</strong> zao la iliki, zao ambalo<br />
linachukua asilimia 74 ya malipo yote ya fidia; pilipili manga pia hustawi vyema katika<br />
kivuli. Miti mingine na mazao ya shambani hutofautiana katika kutegemea hali za <strong>msitu</strong>.<br />
Hata hivyo ni kweli pia k<strong>wa</strong>mba katika vijiji vyote kuna vijiji vitatu (Msasa, Kwezitu, na<br />
Kisi<strong>wa</strong>ni) ambavyo vinaishi<strong>wa</strong> ardhi k<strong>wa</strong> ajili ya kupanda mazao zaidi. Miti michache ya<br />
viungo au matunda yaweza kupand<strong>wa</strong> katika vijiji hivi, lakini hakuna kabisa nafasi ya<br />
ardhi ya kuanzisha tena mazao yaliyopotea k<strong>wa</strong> ki<strong>wa</strong>ngo kilekile yalipopand<strong>wa</strong> <strong>msitu</strong>ni.<br />
50. Tathmini na Ulipaji fidia ya hasara: masharti ya Benki ya Dunia (OP 4.12)<br />
kuhusu hasara ya upotevu <strong>wa</strong> mazao na miti: Kanuni ya msingi ya ulipaji fidia, k<strong>wa</strong><br />
mujibu <strong>wa</strong> sera ya Benki ya Dunia, ni k<strong>wa</strong>mba <strong>wa</strong>tu <strong>wa</strong>napas<strong>wa</strong> kulip<strong>wa</strong> fidia kamili ya<br />
thamani ya mali iliyopotea. Sera iko <strong>wa</strong>zi kabisa kuhusu mazao na miti ya biashara: kama<br />
ilivyo sera mpya ya Tanzania, sera ya Benki ya Dunia inahitajia k<strong>wa</strong>mba mahesabu<br />
yatakayofany<strong>wa</strong> yazingatie thamani kamili ya mazao yatakayopotea kuanzia <strong>wa</strong>kati huo<br />
hadi kipindi kingine ambacho mazao mapya yangepand<strong>wa</strong>, kukua na kufikia ki<strong>wa</strong>ngo cha<br />
uzalishaji cha hayo yaliyochukuli<strong>wa</strong>. Ama kuhusu hali ya Derema mambo yafuatayo<br />
yanahitaji kuzingati<strong>wa</strong>:<br />
• Mazao hayakufyek<strong>wa</strong> na mamlaka husika baada ya kufanyi<strong>wa</strong> tathmini. Lakini,<br />
<strong>wa</strong>tu <strong>wa</strong>liambi<strong>wa</strong> k<strong>wa</strong>mba <strong>wa</strong>ngelip<strong>wa</strong> fidia ya mazao yao katika kipindi<br />
kisichozidi miezi sita; yaani kufikia mwisho <strong>wa</strong> m<strong>wa</strong>ka 2002. Kama ilivyo<br />
ka<strong>wa</strong>ida ya <strong>wa</strong>tu wote duniani, <strong>wa</strong>kulima <strong>wa</strong>kaacha kuyaendeleza mazao yao,<br />
<strong>wa</strong>kavuna kilichokuwepo, na kuyatelekeza mashamba yao. Katika hali na<br />
mazingira ya <strong>msitu</strong> hii iliku<strong>wa</strong> na maana k<strong>wa</strong>mba <strong>wa</strong>dudu na <strong>wa</strong>nyama<br />
<strong>wa</strong>haribifu <strong>wa</strong>lianza kuyashambulia mazao na baada ya miezi kadhaa kupita<br />
36