24.01.2013 Aufrufe

Catalog Hans Eder PDF - Muzeul de Arta Brasov

Catalog Hans Eder PDF - Muzeul de Arta Brasov

Catalog Hans Eder PDF - Muzeul de Arta Brasov

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contactul vizual cu privitorul şi a-l face<br />

părtaş la subiectul lucrării). De fapt întâlnirea<br />

cu trăsăturile groteşti ale acestui<br />

personaj, sunt un prim şoc şi o „cheie”<br />

a întregii lucrări, căci nu e o piaţă veselă,<br />

cum ar părea la o primă impresie,<br />

ci mai ales datorită expresiilor trasate<br />

sumar, dar <strong>de</strong>osebit <strong>de</strong> sugestiv, aici<br />

se <strong>de</strong>zvăluie o lume crispată, obosită<br />

şi încovoiată <strong>de</strong> lupta pentru supravieţuire.<br />

Aparenţa veselă indusă cromatic,<br />

contrastează cu figurile caricaturalagresive,<br />

cu sugestiile <strong>de</strong> sărăcie (haine<br />

scoase parcă „<strong>de</strong> la naftalină”, oameni<br />

cocoşaţi, un bărbat cu picior <strong>de</strong> lemn,<br />

copilul obosit, sau căţelul <strong>de</strong> stradă) şi<br />

tendinţa <strong>de</strong> masificare a personajelor<br />

numeroase şi înghesuite. Este acea<br />

lume, din lucrările artiştilor avangar<strong>de</strong>i,<br />

caracterizată <strong>de</strong> Rosario Assunto<br />

ca: „a<strong>de</strong>vărată masă umană comparabilă<br />

cu o armată înfrântă”, oameni care<br />

trăiesc într-o lume <strong>de</strong>rizorie, „<strong>de</strong>parte<br />

<strong>de</strong> natura care-i înconjoară, nu mai<br />

puţin <strong>de</strong>cât <strong>de</strong> aceea din lăuntrul lor”,<br />

„fiinţe reduse treptat la un complex <strong>de</strong><br />

reflexe, lipsite <strong>de</strong> impulsuri individuale<br />

şi <strong>de</strong> ţeluri autonome”. 6 În felul acesta<br />

nota socială, vehement protestatară,<br />

a unor lucrări expresioniste, este aici<br />

inclusă în contextul organicităţii operei<br />

<strong>de</strong> artă. Este interesant <strong>de</strong> observat<br />

felul în care artistul refuză orice posibilă<br />

filiaţie cu celebrele scene <strong>de</strong> gen<br />

ale şcolii flamando-olan<strong>de</strong>ze. puternic<br />

narative, vesele sau moralizatoare, pline<br />

<strong>de</strong> mişcare, acestea nu se regăsesc<br />

în scena împietrită, ca <strong>de</strong> cadru îngheţat,<br />

care se impune ca o ignorare sau<br />

chiar sfidare a tradiţiei, a truculenţei<br />

şi dinamismului vechii scene <strong>de</strong> gen.<br />

<strong>de</strong>rnis abgeschlossen wird. Durch diese<br />

Bildkomposition wird <strong>de</strong>r Effekt eines<br />

eingeengten Raumes erreicht, die Stadt<br />

scheint vergessen, alt und verfallen. Die<br />

liniar konzipierte perspektive wird durch<br />

eine farblich geschaffene perspektive<br />

ergänzt, die das Aufsteigen zum Hintergrund<br />

hin unterstreicht. Die Farben <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Häuser reflektieren sich in pastelltönen<br />

im Straßenpflaster, was <strong>de</strong>n Eindruck <strong>de</strong>r<br />

feuchten Atmosphäre dieses „venedig<br />

<strong>de</strong>s Nor<strong>de</strong>ns” betont. Grau-grünliche,<br />

ocker-grünliche und grüne Nuancen<br />

fügen sich mit roten Akzenten zu einem<br />

wogen<strong>de</strong>n Rhythmus. Die streng vorgegebene<br />

Fluchtlinie wird von <strong>de</strong>n Kreisformen<br />

<strong>de</strong>r in die tiefe hin gereihten<br />

Händlerkörbe, die <strong>de</strong>n Richtungsvektor<br />

abschwächen, umrahmt. Das Spiel <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Formen – gera<strong>de</strong> und geschwungene,<br />

Fülle und Leere – und jenes <strong>de</strong>r Farben,<br />

verleiht <strong>de</strong>r Struktur Strenge. Durch diesen<br />

meisterhaften Aufbau wird <strong>de</strong>r Blick<br />

von <strong>de</strong>n perspektivischen Diagonalen<br />

zum Hintergrund hin gelenkt, gleichzeitig<br />

aber durch die Anhäufung kreisförmiger<br />

Gegenstän<strong>de</strong> (Fischkörbe) und<br />

<strong>de</strong>ren farbliche Leuchtkraft aufgehalten,<br />

um danach sanft aber entschie<strong>de</strong>n<br />

weitergeführt zu wer<strong>de</strong>n. Dadurch ist<br />

<strong>de</strong>r Betrachter gezwungen, die subtile<br />

Botschaft <strong>de</strong>r wie<strong>de</strong>rholten Aufnahme<br />

von Formen und Farben zu „lesen”. Dieselbe<br />

Rolle scheint auch <strong>de</strong>r farblich und<br />

zeichnerisch ausdrucksstark gestalteten<br />

Frau im vor<strong>de</strong>rgrund zuzufallen, die uns<br />

in das Straßengeschehen von Brügge<br />

hineinnimmt. (ein Kunstgriff, <strong>de</strong>n die<br />

traditionelle Kunst benützt, um <strong>de</strong>n<br />

Blickkontakt mit <strong>de</strong>m Betrachter herzustellen<br />

und ihn am thema <strong>de</strong>r Arbeit<br />

induces the impression of a suffocated<br />

space, of an old, forgotten and <strong>de</strong>relict<br />

town. the linear perspective is doubled<br />

by a chromatic one which emphasizes<br />

its ascension in the background. the<br />

colours of the houses, reflected in<br />

the pavement of the street, giving it<br />

pastel hues, enhance the feeling of<br />

dampness of this “venice of the North”.<br />

the firm line is accompanied by the<br />

circular shapes of the merchants’<br />

baskets in the background, which<br />

attenuate the guiding vector. A play<br />

of shapes – straight lines, curves,<br />

filled and empty spaces – doubled<br />

by the play of colours give the entire<br />

composition a firm rhythm.the eye<br />

is gui<strong>de</strong>d towards the background<br />

by the diagonals, but simultaneously<br />

stopped in the foreground by the<br />

crow<strong>de</strong>d circles (the fish baskets) and<br />

their chromatic luminousity (a subtle<br />

compositional dodge) only to be led<br />

again gently, but steadily, and ma<strong>de</strong><br />

to “read” the subtle messages of the<br />

shapes and of the colours in their<br />

irregular repetition. the woman in the<br />

foreground is inten<strong>de</strong>d to draw the eye<br />

towards what happens in the street<br />

(expedient used in traditional art in<br />

or<strong>de</strong>r to establish eye contact with the<br />

onlooker and in or<strong>de</strong>r to turn him into<br />

a participator). in fact, her grotesque<br />

features cause a first impact, and are<br />

a “key” of the composition: the market<br />

is not a cheerful place, on the contrary,<br />

it reveals a world which is cramped,<br />

tired and bent in the fight for survival.<br />

to all appearances, the colours induce<br />

cheerfulness; but this contrasts with<br />

the caricatural-aggressive figures,

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