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translation of educational materials for use by U.S. specialities. Education for world understanding is a program of seminars and study abroad, financed by grants and designed to improve foreign language teaching and area studies programs. In 1965, U.S. high school teachers and university professors attended such sessions in India, Pakistan, Poland, Yugoslavia, and the United Arab Republic. Social Welfare and Maternal and Child Health Many of the problems that beset our society are common to other parts of thL world, among them illnesses of the newborn, congenital defects, chronic dependency, and other physical and social handicaps. Funds are made available under section 104(k) for research proiects to increase the worldwide pool of knowledge in this area. Since the beginning of the program approximately $1.5 million equivalent has been obligated in foreign currencies to fund 36 projects in 7 countries. The following are examples of work undertaken: Phenylketonuria (PKU).-This condition of the newborn causes mental retardation if untreated. Research is going forward on detection techniques in Israel, Pakistan, Poland, and Yugoslavia. Studies will be carried further at a Seminar on Inborn Errors of Metabolism to be held in Yugoslavia in June 1966. Toxemia of Pregnancy-Thiscondition is under study in Israel and Poland and is to be integrated with later studies on infant mortality. Problems of the Aged.-This social welfare research is under way in Israel and Poland. Chronic Dependency.-Two projects in Israel provide new clues for providing social services. Juvenile Delinqency.-Comparative experiments such as one underway in Egypt contribute to an understanding of problems in the United States. Medical and Health Research In fiscal year 1966, $5 million was appropriated to purchase Public Law 480-generated foreign currencies for cooperative research in community, environmental, and personal health problems and for the translation and dissemination of scientific literature. This brings to $25.5 million the amount spent for this activity since the beginning of the program in 1960. Community tlealth.-Underagreements reached in 1965, new research projects were begun in the United Arab Republic (dental care for children), Israel (mental retardation and dental services aniong others), and Poland (immunology of tuberculosis, studies of trichinosis, encephalitis, staph infections, and food poisoning). The Department plans on extending work in India (oral cancer, rheumatic fever, and family planning) and in Israel (kidney diseases, insecticides, and water pollntion) as soon as new agreements are negotiated. Environmental Health.--In addition to the ongoing projects in Israel, Poland, and Yugoslavia, new research began in 1965 into physiological effects of desert climates (Israel), various drugs and their effect oin the body and respiratory-tract diseases of cotton industry workers (Yugoslavia). lealth Statistics.- -The areas of the most rapid poptilation growth have the least information on the dimensions of their problem. To remedy this, the National Center for Health Statistics is supporting projects in Pakistan, the United Arab Republic, and India to develop improved ways of masuring population change, and birth fertility and death rates. Other studies relating to health statistics are being made in Yugoslavia (medical care utilization and inpact studies in recently urbanized populations) and Poland (chronic respiratory disease related to air pollution). National Institutes of Health.---These programis support biomedical research of mutual interest to the participating foreign country and to the United States. 61
To indicate the scope and nature of the program of Israel.-A wide variety of studies in molecular biology; the National Institutes of Health, the following are some an electrophysiological study of the central nervous typical examples of cooperative research projects: system under stress; epidemiology of multiple sclerosis; Brazil.-Stud ies on schistosomiasis (a blood and tissue congenital malformation studies; schizophrenic-schizoid disease caused by a parasitic worm in the blood vessels psychopathology in the child. of man). Pakistan.-Relationsaip of malnutrition to diabetes, Burma.-The role of nutrition and metabolism in the anemia, and infectious diseases; prevention and eradication of cholera; malaria control. origin and development of human diseases. Poland.-Clinical and laboratory characteristics of UnitedArab Republic.-Anenia in infants and children; muscle diseases; functional organization of the brain; blood studies on adults with various liver diseases; biology of brain tumors; fat and protein assimilation in evaluating various countermeasures and treatments for infancy. schistosomiasis; interrelationships of ticks and diseases of 27ugoslava.--Incidenceof high blood pressure and heart man and animals; studies of typhus. disease in newly industrialized populations. India.-Nutritional deficiencies in southern India; National Library of Medicine.-This institution serves as development of potential anticancer agents; metabolic the principal resource for the international exchange of studies of vitamin A; viruses and carriers in the Indian biomedical information. Presently the library is conenvironment. ducting programs in Yugoslavia, Poland, Israel, and TABLE XXIII.-Obligations by Department of Health, Education, and Welfare for research under sec. 104(k), Public Law 480 Vocational Welfare Public Period Country Office of Rehabilita- Adminis- Health Total by Education tion Admin- tration Service cotntry istration Dollar equiv. Dollarequiv. Dollarequiv. Dollar equiv. Dollar equiv. Calendar year 1965--------- Brazil-------------------- ------------------------------------- 785 -785 Burma --------------------- -- 495 23,100 45 4,725 27,375 India ---------------------- 48,778 641.600 8,318 454,833 1,153,529 Israel---------------------- 49,348 436,000 110,629 1,416,286 2,012,263 Pakistan------------------- 7,909 563,600 -3,655 950,321 1,518,175 Poland-------------------- 1,848 264,500 1,123 377,409 644,880 Syria ---------------------------------- 4,000 ------------------------ 4,000 United Arab Republic ------- 11,689 620,400 3,881 576,408 1,212,378 Yugoslavia----------------- 20,568 197,800 790 304,909 524,067 Total ------------ ---------------------------- 139,645 2,751,000 121,131 4,084,106 7,095,882 Cumulative July 1, 1961 Brazil--------------------------------- 20,000 ------------- 64,398 84,398 through Dec. 31, 1965. Burma--------------------- 15,904 62,800 3,216 488,201 570,121 Colombia ------------------ 1,698 ------------------------------------ 1,698 India---------------------- 227,216 2,582,700 140,721 3,368,281 6,318,918 Indonesia ------------------ 10,860 ------------------------------------ 10,860 Israel---------------------- 417,851 1,992,100 615,692 5,054,005 8,079,648 Pakistan------------------- 7,909 1,177,800 135,209 2,978,507 4,299,425 Poland -------------------- 5,600 623,800 385,987 2,192,949 3,208,336 Syria --------------------------------- 105,600 ------------------------ 105,600 United Arab Republic-------- 12,707 763,600 186,682 2,000,666 2,963,655 Yugoslavia ----------------- 20,917 599,800 57,721 1,238,112 1,916,550 62 Total-----------.---------------------------- 720,662 7,928,200 1,525,228 17,385,119 27,559,209
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owl. ------------ FOOD FOR PEACE 19
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This is a world problem. The stakes
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THE ANNUAL REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT
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6 CON TENTS-Continued Purchase of g
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AGRICULTURAL TRADE DEVELOPMENT AND
Page 12 and 13: SUMMARY AND HIGHLIGHTS Increasing n
Page 14 and 15: TABLE I.-Authorizations: Titles I a
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Page 18 and 19: ecipient governments can apply to e
Page 20 and 21: TABLE Ill.-Major commodity exports
Page 22 and 23: TITLE I SALES FOR FOREIGN CURRENCY
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Page 32 and 33: Status and Uses of Foreign Currency
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Page 36 and 37: A British housewife samples America
Page 38 and 39: Utilization Research Awards of gran
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Page 42 and 43: Cooley loans of localcurrencies -.
Page 44 and 45: U.S. Information Agency Programs Si
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Page 48 and 49: To assist in correcting inadequacie
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Page 54 and 55: vided international travel for Amer
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Page 58 and 59: hybrid material resistant to diseas
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Page 70 and 71: Israel ($18,0OO).-New York Universi
Page 72 and 73: FOREIGN DONATIONS PROGRAMS American
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Page 76 and 77: (A I El Salvador-Earthquake relief.
Page 78 and 79: - Voluntary organization works prog
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Page 84 and 85: World Food Program The World Food P
Page 86 and 87: Cambodia-Employing 3,000 workers --
Page 88 and 89: 00 Indonesia-Rehabilitation after v
Page 90 and 91: Sudan-Afforestation-Bahr El Ghazal
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Page 94 and 95: FOREIGN DONATIONS PROGRAMS These em
Page 96 and 97: During 1965, 2.4 billion pounds of
Page 98 and 99: normally approved by a prompt cable
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Page 102 and 103: At a refugee camp inSouth Vietnam,
Page 104 and 105: to 18.9 million in the previous yea
Page 106 and 107: BARTER OPERATIONS emergency stockpi
Page 108 and 109: TABLE XXXV.-Value of materials, equ
Page 110 and 111: TITLE IV LONG-TERM DOLLAR CREDIT SA
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a solid food and agriculture base f
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Countries buying commodities fff ti
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116 TITLE II.-FOREIGN DONATIONS Pur
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Summary of 1965 Amendments Affectin
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TABLE 2.-Public Law 480 exports, qu
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.. TABLE 4.-Dollar value of commodi
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TABLE 4.-Dollar value of commoditie
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TABLE 5.-Dollar value of commoditie
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SBarley............................
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TABLE 7.-Approximate quantities of
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oBarley. C ri . Total..............
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TABLE 10.--Uses of foreign currency
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TABLE 11.-Uses of foreign currency
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TABLE 13.-Status of foreign currenc
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TABLE 15.-Title I, Public Law 480,
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TABLE 16.-Title II, Public Law 480,
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TABLE 24.-Title III, Public Law 480
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Area and country TABLE 24.-Title II
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TABLE 25.-Title III, value of mater
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TABLE 26.-Title 1l1,materials, equi
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TABLE 26.-Title III, materials, equ
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TABLE 27.-Title III, value of agric
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TABLE 29.-Dollar value of commoditi
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TABLE 3 3.-Approximate quantities o
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TABLE 3 4 .- Approximate quantities
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TABLE 36.-Title IV, Public Law 480,
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