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Nutritional Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in the Horse

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Contents<br />

Introduction and Ohjcct of Investigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />

.....<br />

.....<br />

.....<br />

a) Review of thc literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .....<br />

b) Present <strong>in</strong>vestigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .....<br />

3. The microscopic anatomy of <strong>the</strong> equ<strong>in</strong>e parathyroid glands . . . . . .....<br />

a) Review of <strong>the</strong> literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .....<br />

b) Present <strong>in</strong>vestigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .....<br />

4. Discussion .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . .. .....<br />

I. The Anatomy of <strong>the</strong> Parathyroid Glands <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Horse</strong> . . . . . . . . , . . . .<br />

1. Comparative aspects of <strong>the</strong> embryology of <strong>the</strong> equ<strong>in</strong>e parathyroids<br />

2. The macroscopic anatomy of <strong>the</strong> equ<strong>in</strong>e parathyroid glands , . . . .<br />

II. <strong>Nutritional</strong><strong>Secondary</strong> <strong>Hyperparathyroidism</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Horse</strong>: Revietv of <strong>the</strong> Literutzcre<br />

1. The nature of <strong>the</strong> osteopathy<br />

2. Etiology . .. . .. . . ... .._....... .. .........................<br />

3. Occurrence and breed, sex, an<br />

4. Symptoms . . . . .. .. .. . . . .. .<br />

5. Cl<strong>in</strong>ical pathology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />

6. Roentgenologic changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />

7. The parathyroid glands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />

...........<br />

...........<br />

III. Experimental <strong>Nutritional</strong> <strong>Secondary</strong> Hyperparatkyroidism <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Horse</strong>:<br />

Design of <strong>the</strong> Experiment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />

2. Ration . . . . . . . . . . . . ..................................<br />

3. Physical exam<strong>in</strong>ation . . . . . . ............................<br />

6. Necropsy<br />

...............<br />

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />

I V, Experimental <strong>Nutritional</strong> <strong>Secondary</strong> <strong>Hyperparathyroidism</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Horse</strong>:<br />

Results . . ........................<br />

1. Cl<strong>in</strong>ical observations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />

2. Cl<strong>in</strong>ico-pathologic determ<strong>in</strong>ations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />

...........<br />

3. Roentgenologic observations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />

4. Pathologic anatomy ..................................<br />

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