Nutritional Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in the Horse

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68 Expcrimcntal Nutritional Secondary I-Iypcrparathyroidism in the tIorse . . . The resorption from VOLKMANN’S canals was liliewise very inconspicuous in the beginning. In more advanced stages the widening of the canal could be impressive (Figs. 33,34 and 37). As the resorption from VOLKMANN’S canals proceeded, the disruption of lamellae of HAVERSIAN systems became very prominent (Figs. 34 and 36). Osteoclastic resorption of interstitial lamellae occurred, it appeared, only as a result of lateral expansion of resorptive processes originating in HAVERSIAN and VOLKMANN’S canals or subperiosteallg (Figs. 34, 36, 38, and 40). Longitudinal sections of compact bone showed that the resorption was very irregular. The width of the HAVERSIAN canals varied within a wide range, and localized encroachment upon adjacent osteons and interstitial lamellae was frequently encountered. The outer circumferential lamellae of compact bone were also sites of resorption. The normal structure (Fig. 39) was never present in NSH horses, and in most sections there were hardly any remnants of such lamellae (Fig. 40). Resorption usually expanded into adjacent osteons and interstitial lamellae (Fig. 40). In other instances a haphazard resorption was going on, and numerous lacunae filled with osteoclasts were then observed. The resorption was often found to be very much accentuated locally with large excavations into the compact bone and loss of the osseus support of the periosteum (Fig. 38). The morphology of the osteoclasts varied. Actively eroding osteoclasts were usually present in HOWSHIP’S lacunae (Figs. 29, 33, 35, 38) or flattened along trabecular (Fig. 29). Their shape varied accordingly ; in the former case they were irregularly rounded, in the latter elongated. The nuclei were relatively large and diffusely scattered throughout the cells. In areas where mineralized bone was no longer available for resorption, the nuclei of the osteoclasts were pyltnotic and retracted centrally or toward one end of the cell (Fig. 30). Inactive osteoclasts trapped in fibrous tissue sometimes showed vacuolization of the cytoplasm. In rare instances a phagocytized erythrocyte was seen in osteoclasts in hemorrhage areas in loose connective tissue. Fibrosis. The fibrous tissue replacing the resorbed bone varied considerably in tinctorial properties in different areas. In the jawbones it was rather well collagenized with a deep-red staining reaction with van Gieson. Differences in collagenization of the fibrous tissue did occur, however, in areas of long-standing resorption. The fibrous tissue replacing the resorbed outer circumferential lamellae was usually well collagenized (Fig. 37), but the birefringent material (Fig. 40) Downloaded from vet.sagepub.com by guest on April 14, 2010
Pathologic Anatomy 69 Fiq. 37. Control. Humerus diaphysis, cross section showing outer circumferential lamellac (right). 1-1 & E, original magnitication x 120, cnlargcd 1.7. Polarized light. Fj-q. 40. NSH 3. l~lutncrus diaphysis, cross secrion. Outcr Circumferential lamellac cotnplctcly resorbed, replaced by irregularly bircfringcnt fibrous tissue (right). Adjaccnt osteon under resorption with disruption of lamellac (straight arrow). Resorption of interstitial latnellae (curved arrow). I3 C(c E, original magnification x 120, enlarged 1.7. Polarized light. indicated a rather irregular structure in the connective tissue. The fibrous tissue replacing bone resorbed from HAVERSIAN and VOLK- brmN’s canals (Figs. 33-38,40) was of another nature. It was poorly or not at all collagenized, as evidenced by very little affinity for van Gieson’s stain. F1emorrbuge.s. Hemorrhages in the connective tissue replacing resorbed bone occurred only in the jawbones, the nasal bone, and the ribs close to the costochondral junction. The hemorrhages were very small. Those associated with the rib fractures and the epiphyseal separation of the radius in NSH 2 were more extensive. Downloaded from vet.sagepub.com by guest on April 14, 2010
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Pathologia Veterinaria Online http:
Page 3 and 4:
Supplementum ad Vol. 1 (1964) Patho
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V . Experimental Nritritional Secon
Page 7 and 8:
Introduction and Object of Investig
Page 9 and 10:
I. The Anatomy of the Parathyroid G
Page 11 and 12:
Comparative Aspects of the Embryolo
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The Aracroscopic Anatomy of the Equ
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The Microscopic Anatomy of the Equi
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'I'hc hlicroscopic Anatomy of the E
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’The I\licroscopic Anatomy of the
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10 . 9 . a . 7 0 + 6 . 5 . 0 ’I
Page 23 and 24: ‘The hl icroscopic Anatomy of the
Page 25 and 26: ’I’hc hlicroscopic Anatomy of t
Page 27 and 28: ‘I’lic ihlrcroscopic Anatomy of
Page 29 and 30: ‘I’hc Alicroscopic Anatomy of t
Page 31 and 32: Discussion 25 7bbic 1 .. Avcragc si
Page 33 and 34: Discussion 27 Table VZZ. Nuclear si
Page 35 and 36: 11. Nutritional Secondary Hyperpara
Page 37 and 38: The Nature of the Osteopathy 31 Fig
Page 39 and 40: ’The Nature of the Osteopathy 33
Page 41 and 42: Etiology 35 Experiments and clinica
Page 43 and 44: Clinical Pathology 37 Table X. Seru
Page 45 and 46: 111. Experimental Nutritional Secon
Page 47 and 48: Ration 41 Table XI/. Calcium and ph
Page 49 and 50: Necrops y 43 6. Necropsy The animal
Page 51 and 52: Clinical Observations 45 During wee
Page 53 and 54: Clinico-pathologic Determinations 4
Page 55 and 56: 90. *. 90. 90. 70. / . Clinico-path
Page 57 and 58: (:linico-pathologic Determinations
Page 59 and 60: Rocntgencilogic Observations 53 Fie
Page 61 and 62: lioentgcnologic Ohscrvntions 55 I,'
Page 63 and 64: Pathologic Anatomy 57 7bb/e XIS. Si
Page 65 and 66: Pathologic Anatomy 59 fhb/c. A’X.
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Page 77 and 78: V. Experimental Nutritional Seconda
Page 79 and 80: Scruin Phosphorus, Calciiiiii, and
Page 81 and 82: Serum Phosphorus, Calcium, and Alka
Page 83 and 84: Serum Phosphorus, Calcium, and Alka
Page 85 and 86: The Parathyroid Glands 79 should be
Page 87 and 88: The Skeleton 81 5. The Skeleton The
Page 89 and 90: The Skeleton 83 ary hyperparathyroi
Page 91 and 92: Summary and Conclusions The thesis
Page 93 and 94: Siimmary and Conclusions 87 Rocntgc
Page 95 and 96: References 89 COILIP, J. B.: 'I'hc
Page 97 and 98: Refereiices 91 ~~CILAN, F. C. and U
Page 99 and 100: Appendix Tables and Statistical Ana
Page 101 and 102: Tables and Statistical Analyses 95
Page 103 and 104: ’Tablcs and Statistical Analyscs
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Nutritional Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in the Horse

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