Staying Healthy in Child Care - National Health and Medical ...

Parvovirus B19 (Erythema infectiosum, slapped cheek
syndrome, fifth disease)
Description
This is a mild viral illness. About 20% of infected children will have no symptoms at
all 78 . In others, early in the infection there may be mild cold-like symptoms, then two
to five days later, the child typically develops a ‘slapped cheek’ rash on the face and a
lacy red rash on the trunk and limbs. The child is usually not very ill, though the rash
occasionally can be itchy. The rash disappears after 7 to 10 days, although it may
come and go for several weeks, often in response to heat. On recovery, the child
develops lasting immunity, and is protected against future infection.
Infection with parvovirus B19 generally only causes a mild illness. However, if a
pregnant woman is infected, the infection may be transmitted to her unborn baby. In
less than 5% of cases 79 , parvovirus B19 infection may cause the unborn baby to have
severe anaemia (low blood count), and the woman may have a miscarriage. This
occurs more commonly if infection occurs during the first half of pregnancy.
Malformations do not appear to occur in babies who survive this infection in the
mother.
Parvovirus is spread by droplets or by secretions from the nose and throat.
Incubation period
Variable; 4-20 days 80 .
Infectious period
Not infectious once the rash appears.
Exclusion period
Nil.
Responsibilities of child care providers/staff
Report the infection to the director. The director should advise pregnant women to
consult with their medical practitioner.
Advise the parent the child should stay at home until they are feeling well.
Responsibilities of parents
The child should stay at home until they are feeling well.
Controlling the spread of infection
Follow good hand washing practices.
Clean surfaces contaminated by respiratory secretions.
Dispose of soiled tissues appropriately.
Treatment
No specific treatment.
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