Staying Healthy in Child Care - National Health and Medical ...

Rubella (german measles)
Description
Rubella is a mild viral disease. The onset of rubella is rather like a mild cold, with a
slight fever, sore throat and enlarged lymph glands in the neck. The characteristic rash
appears 2-3 days later. It begins on the face and spreads to the trunk. The spots are at
first pale pink in colour and soon merge to form patches. The rash lasts only a few
days and then disappears. During this time the child remains mildly unwell with
swollen glands in the neck and back of the head.
Rubella is spread through airborne droplets or direct contact with the nose or throat
secretions of infected persons.
Rubella usually causes only mild illness in children. However, infants born to mothers
who had rubella during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy may have severe birth defects.
The risk is highest in early pregnancy.
Incubation period
14–21 days, usually 16-18 days.
Infectious period
Up to 7 days before and at least 4 days after appearance of the rash.
Exclusion period
Exclude for at least 4 days after the appearance of the rash and until the child feels
well.
Responsibilities of child care providers/staff
Report the infection to the director.
Refer anyone with suspected rubella to a doctor.
All staff members should be aware of their immune status and if not immune, they
should be immunised.
If pregnant staff members are concerned, refer them to their doctor. Immunisation
during pregnancy should be avoided 89 . Although immunisation for rubella during
pregnancy is not recommended, the inadvertent administration of the vaccine during
early pregnancy is not cause for undue concern.
Responsibilities of parents
Observe the exclusion period.
Advise any pregnant friends or family who may have been exposed to consult with
their doctor.
Controlling the spread of infection
The affected child should remain away from the centre for at least 4 days after onset
of the rash and until fully recovered.
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Draft for Public Consultation