Staying Healthy in Child Care - National Health and Medical ...

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Cryptosporidiosis Description Cryptosporidiosis is a type of gastroenteritis caused by the parasite Cryptosporidium. The parasite infects the intestine. Often, the infected person has no symptoms at all. The organism is usually identified by laboratory examination of a faecal specimen. Symptoms include vomiting, loss of appetite, stomach pain and foul-smelling diarrhoea. The faeces are often watery in appearance or may contain mucus. In healthy young children the illness is self-limiting and lasts only a few days 56 . In people with normal immune systems the symptoms often fluctuate but recovery is expected in less than 30 days. Cryptosporidium parasites live in the bowels of humans and in wild, pet and farm animals. People with cryptosporidiosis have the parasite in their faeces. The infection spreads when: • Infected people do not wash their hands effectively after going to the toilet. Contaminated hands can then spread the parasites to food that may be eaten by others and surfaces that may be touched by others. • Hands become contaminated while handling infected animals or changing the nappy of an infected infant. • People who drink contaminated water, unpasteurised milk or swallow contaminated swimming pool water. Incubation period Uncertain, probably an average of 7 days, with a range of 1-12 days 57 . Infectious period For as long as the organism is in the person’s faeces, whether or not the person has symptoms (usually 2–4 weeks). Exclusion period Exclude until diarrhoea has stopped for at least 24 hours. Responsibilities of child care providers/staff Report the infection to the director. Contact your local health authority if several children in one group are ill. Public health workers may be able to help identify how the infectious agent has spread through the centre and prevent further infection. Responsibilities of parents Observe the exclusion period. Controlling the spread of infection Exclude a person with infectious diarrhoea from the centre until diarrhoea has stopped for at least 24 hours. 77 Draft for Public Consultation
Make sure that effective hand washing and cleaning procedures are being followed in the centre and at home. As people with Cryptosporidium infection can continue shedding oocysts even after symptoms have settled, people should not go swimming while they have diarrhoea and for 2 weeks after diarrhoea stops 58 . Treatment No treatment is available but all children with diarrhoea should see a doctor. Make sure that the child has plenty to drink, see ‘Safe drinks’ on page 79. 78 Draft for Public Consultation
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Staying Healthy in Child Care Preve
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Salmonella……………………
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How infections spread There are fou
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Blood Some infections are spread wh
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• Encourage parents to tell you w
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Sample report form for parent/docto
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Responsibilities of parents • Com
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Exclusion of sick children and staf
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for 24 hours Campylobacter Exclude
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Norovirus swelling goes down (which
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Hand washing Infections can be spre
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Cover your cough and stop the sprea
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the paper and do not reach the tabl
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Cleaning the centre Washing germs a
Page 29 and 30: Wear gloves when handling soiled li
Page 31 and 32: Dealing with spills of blood, faece
Page 33 and 34: Sandpits Sandpits can be great fun.
Page 35 and 36: Immunisation Childhood vaccination
Page 37 and 38: antibiotic (neomycin). Reactions to
Page 39 and 40: Meningococcal C immunisation A sing
Page 41 and 42: Vaccine Key Hepatitis B Hepatitis B
Page 43 and 44: Mumps - contagious virus spread by
Page 45 and 46: Parent Advice Sheet Commonly observ
Page 47 and 48: 23vPPV 23-valent pneumococcal polys
Page 49 and 50: • Keep a non-mercury thermometer
Page 51 and 52: Occupational Health and Safety for
Page 53 and 54: Erythema infectiosum, also called p
Page 55 and 56: Part 2 Respiratory complaints Asthm
Page 57 and 58: Bronchiolitis Description Bronchiol
Page 59 and 60: Bronchitis Description Many childre
Page 61 and 62: Common cold Description The common
Page 63 and 64: Croup Description Croup is caused b
Page 65 and 66: Ear infections (otitis) Description
Page 67 and 68: Influenza Description Influenza is
Page 69 and 70: Pneumococcal disease Description Pn
Page 71 and 72: Runny noses (with green or yellow d
Page 73 and 74: Responsibilities of the parents Kee
Page 75 and 76: Treatment People with TB require an
Page 77 and 78: Controlling the spread of infection
Page 79: Controlling the spread of infection
Page 83 and 84: with infectious diarrhoea should no
Page 85 and 86: Giardiasis Description Giardiasis i
Page 87 and 88: Norovirus Description Norovirus is
Page 89 and 90: Rotavirus Description Rotavirus is
Page 91 and 92: Salmonellosis Description Salmonell
Page 93 and 94: Shigellosis Description Shigellosis
Page 95 and 96: Worms: Pinworms Description There a
Page 97 and 98: Worms: Roundworm, hookworm and tape
Page 99 and 100: Chickenpox (varicella) Description
Page 101 and 102: Cold sores (herpes simplex) Descrip
Page 103 and 104: Parvovirus B19 (Erythema infectiosu
Page 105 and 106: Head lice (Pediculosis capitis) Des
Page 107 and 108: 7. Comb each section twice until yo
Page 109 and 110: Measles Description Measles is a hi
Page 111 and 112: Molluscum contagiosum Description A
Page 113 and 114: Responsibilities of parents Observe
Page 115 and 116: Rubella (german measles) Descriptio
Page 117 and 118: Scabies and other mites causing ski
Page 119 and 120: Scarlet fever Description Scarlet f
Page 121 and 122: Thrush (candida) Description Thrush
Page 123 and 124: Treatment Warts will usually go awa
Page 125 and 126: Responsibilities of child care prov
Page 127 and 128: • not kissing infants on the mout
Page 129 and 130: Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)
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Hepatitis A Description Hepatitis A
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Hepatitis B Description Hepatitis B
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Hepatitis C Description Hepatitis C
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HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus),
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Meningococcal infection Description
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Mumps Description Mumps is an infec
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Viral Meningitis Description Viral
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the invading organisms. Immunoglobu
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Useful Web Sites (Taken from Health
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References 1 You’ve got what? 200
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38 Parenting and Child Health - Cro
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79 You’ve got what? 2004. Fifth d
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118 You’ve Got What? Meningococca
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