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1862 AMERICAN PIPE THREADS Table 1b. Basic Dimensions, American National Standard Taper Pipe Threads, NPT ANSI/ASME B1.20.1-1983 (R2001) Nominal Pipe Size Wrench Makeup Length for Internal Thread Length, c L 3 Dia., E 3 Machinery's Handbook 27th Edition Vanish Thread, (3.47 thds.), V Overall Length External Thread, L 4 Nominal Perfect External Threadsa Height Length, L 5 of Thread, h Basic Minor Dia. at Small End of Pipe, b K 0 1 ⁄16 0.1111 0.26424 0.1285 0.3896 0.1870 0.28287 0.02963 0.2416 1 ⁄8 0.1111 0.35656 0.1285 0.3924 0.1898 0.37537 0.02963 0.3339 1 ⁄4 0.1667 0.46697 0.1928 0.5946 0.2907 0.49556 0.04444 0.4329 3 ⁄8 0.1667 0.60160 0.1928 0.6006 0.2967 0.63056 0.04444 0.5676 1 ⁄2 0.2143 0.74504 0.2478 0.7815 0.3909 0.78286 0.05714 0.7013 3 ⁄4 0.2143 0.95429 0.2478 0.7935 0.4029 0.99286 0.05714 0.9105 1 0.2609 1.19733 0.3017 0.9845 0.5089 1.24543 0.06957 1.1441 11 ⁄ 4 0.2609 1.54083 0.3017 1.0085 0.5329 1.59043 0.06957 1.4876 11 ⁄ 2 0.2609 1.77978 0.3017 1.0252 0.5496 1.83043 0.06957 1.7265 2 0.2609 2.25272 0.3017 1.0582 0.5826 2.30543 0.06957 2.1995 21 ⁄ 2 0.2500d 2.70391 0.4337 1.5712 0.8875 2.77500 0.100000 2.6195 3 0.2500d 3.32500 0.4337 1.6337 0.9500 3.40000 0.100000 3.2406 31 ⁄ 2 0.2500 3.82188 0.4337 1.6837 1.0000 3.90000 0.100000 3.7375 4 0.2500 4.31875 0.4337 1.7337 1.0500 4.40000 0.100000 4.2344 5 0.2500 5.37511 0.4337 1.8400 1.1563 5.46300 0.100000 5.2907 6 0.2500 6.43047 0.4337 1.9462 1.2625 6.52500 0.100000 6.3461 8 0.2500 8.41797 0.4337 2.1462 1.4625 8.52500 0.100000 8.3336 10 0.2500 10.52969 0.4337 2.3587 1.6750 10.65000 0.100000 10.4453 12 0.2500 12.51719 0.4337 2.5587 1.8750 12.65000 0.100000 12.4328 14 OD 0.2500 13.75938 0.4337 2.6837 2.0000 13.90000 0.100000 13.6750 16 OD 0.2500 15.74688 0.4337 2.8837 2.2000 15.90000 0.100000 15.6625 18 OD 0.2500 17.73438 0.4337 3.0837 2.4000 17.90000 0.100000 17.6500 20 OD 0.2500 19.72188 0.4337 3.2837 2.6000 19.90000 0.100000 19.6375 24 OD 0.2500 23.69688 0.4337 3.6837 3.0000 23.90000 0.100000 23.6125 a The length L5 from the end of the pipe determines the plane beyond which the thread form is imperfect at the crest. The next two threads are perfect at the root. At this plane the cone formed by the crests of the thread intersects the cylinder forming the external surface of the pipe. L5 = L2 − 2p. b Given as information for use in selecting tap drills. c Three threads for 2-inch size and smaller; two threads for larger sizes. d Military Specification MIL—P—7105 gives the wrench makeup as three threads for 3 in. and smaller. The E3 dimensions are then as follows: Size 2 All dimensions given in inches. Increase in diameter per thread is equal to 0.0625/n. The basic dimensions of the ANSI Standard Taper Pipe Thread are given in inches to four or five decimal places. While this implies a greater degree of precision than is ordinarily attained, these dimensions are the basis of gage dimensions and are so expressed for the purpose of eliminating errors in computations. Engagement Between External and Internal Taper Threads.—The normal length of engagement between external and internal taper threads when screwed together handtight is shown as L1 in Table 1a. This length is controlled by the construction and use of the pipe thread gages. It is recognized that in special applications, such as flanges for high-pressure work, longer thread engagement is used, in which case the pitch diameter E1 (Table 1a) is maintained and the pitch diameter E0 at the end of the pipe is proportionately smaller. Tolerances on Thread Elements.—The maximum allowable variation in the commercial product (manufacturing tolerance) is one turn large or small from the basic dimensions. The permissible variations in thread elements on steel products and all pipe made of steel, wrought iron, or brass, exclusive of butt-weld pipe, are given in Table 3. This table is a 1 ⁄ 2 in., 2.69609 and size 3 in., 3.31719. Dia., E 5 Copyright 2004, Industrial Press, Inc., New York, NY
AMERICAN PIPE THREADS 1863 guide for establishing the limits of the thread elements of taps, dies, and thread chasers. These limits may be required on product threads. On pipe fittings and valves (not steel) for steam pressures 300 pounds and below, it is intended that plug and ring gage practice as set up in the Standard ANSI/ASME B1.20.1 will provide for a satisfactory check of accumulated variations of taper, lead, and angle in such product. Therefore, no tolerances on thread elements have been established for this class. For service conditions where a more exact check is required, procedures have been developed by industry to supplement the regulation plug and ring method of gaging. Table 2. Limits on Crest and Root of American National Standard External and Internal Taper Pipe Threads, NPT ANSI/ASME B1.20.1-1983 (R2001) Threads per Inch H Max. h Height of Sharp V Thread, H Machinery's Handbook 27th Edition Minimum Truncation Minimum Truncation Root Height of Pipe Thread, h INTERNAL THREAD Maximum Truncation Maximum Truncation Minimum Truncation EXTERNAL THREAD Truncation, f Maximum Truncation Root Minimum Truncation Maximum Truncation Width of Flat, F, Equivalent toTruncation Max. Min. Min. Max. Min. Max. 27 0.03208 0.02963 0.02496 0.0012 0.0036 0.0014 0.0041 18 0.04811 0.04444 0.03833 0.0018 0.0049 0.0021 0.0057 14 0.06186 0.05714 0.05071 0.0024 0.0056 0.0027 0.0064 11 All dimensions are in inches and are given to four or five decimal places only to avoid errors in computations, not to indicate required precision. 1 ⁄ 2 0.07531 0.06957 0.06261 0.0029 0.0063 0.0033 0.0073 8 0.10825 0.10000 0.09275 0.0041 0.0078 0.0048 0.0090 Table 3. Tolerances on Taper, Lead, and Angle of Pipe Threads of Steel Products and All Pipe of Steel, Wrought Iron, or Brass ANSI/ASME B1.20.1-1983 (R2001) (Exclusive of Butt-Weld Pipe) Threads per Taper on Pitch Line ( Nominal Pipe Size Inch 3 ⁄ 4 in./ft) Lead in Length of Effective 60 Degree Angle of Threads, Max. Min. Threads Degrees 1 ⁄16 , 1 ⁄ 8 27 + 1 ⁄ 8 −1 ⁄ 16 ±0.003 ± 21 ⁄ 2 1 ⁄4, 3 ⁄ 8 18 + 1 ⁄ 8 −1 ⁄ 16 ±0.003 ±2 1 ⁄2 , 3 ⁄ 4 14 + 1 ⁄ 8 −1 ⁄ 16 ±0.003a ±2 1, 11 ⁄ 4 , 11 ⁄ 2 , 2 111 ⁄ 2 + 1 ⁄ 8 −1 ⁄ 16 ±0.003a ±11 ⁄ 2 21 ⁄ 2 and larger 8 + 1 ⁄ 8 −1 ⁄ 16 ±0.003a ±11 ⁄ 2 a The tolerance on lead shall be ± 0.003 in. per inch on any size threaded to an effective thread length greater than 1 in. For tolerances on height of thread, see Table 2. The limits specified in this table are intended to serve as a guide for establishing limits of the thread elements of taps, dies, and thread chasers. These limits may be required on product threads. Crest Crest Copyright 2004, Industrial Press, Inc., New York, NY
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