To My Family and Uğraş Uzun - Bilkent University

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Severan date for the Antakya Sarcophagus is attested by other indications, such as the full limbs, disproportionateness of the figures and the deep drillings on the architectural and figured decoration that create a light-and-shade effect. A more vigorous chronology of Docimeum sarcophagi based on a thorough analysis of all details could have provided a shorter possible time span for the production date of the Antakya Sarcophagus. This last point brings to mind the necessity for future research on Docimeum columnar sarcophagi. The latest scientific methods must be used to determine the correspondence of the previously reconstructed fragments to prove if they are from the same original(s), and a revised chronology of these fragments and the columnar sarcophagi in general must be prepared to come up with a more thorough picture of these sarcophagi. This is the only way to establish more secure dates for the Antakya Sarcophagus and the other Docimeum columnar sarcophagi. Another possibility for future research is related to the distribution patterns of the Docimeum columnar sarcophagi. As the Antakya Sarcophagus is the first columnar sarcophagus found at Antakya, a new distribution map should be made to include the area. On the other hand, the existence of a single Docimeum columnar sarcophagus at Antakya reminds us of the possibility of the existence of more. Future research could focus on the area and act with this possibility. A related area of research could be made about the routes of transportation, as there are still gaps in our knowledge of which route the Docimeum sarcophagi were conveyed to their destinations. A final area of future research could be related to the symbolism on Docimeum columnar sarcophagi. Eastern Roman religion in the late 2nd and 96
early 3rd centuries must be studied in more detail to come up with a probable ancient perception of life- after- death, so as to arrive at more specific conclusions about the symbolic meanings of figures. On the whole, what this study revealed was that the Antakya Sarcophagus and the other Docimeum columnar sarcophagi are a combination of Greek and local tradition- as reflected by the individual motifs they share- in a Roman provincial setting- embodied in the architectural decoration showing Roman provincial features. The Antakya Sarcophagus and the other columnar sarcophagi need further research in order to resolve the related controversies in the area. This thesis hopefully is a first step, and a basic reference tool for such research. 97
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To My Family and Uğraş Uzun
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APPROVAL PAGE I certify that I have
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ÖZET ANTAKYA LAHDİ: BEZEK UNSURLA
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TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT.........
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CHAPTER VI: DATING.................
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LIST OF FIGURES Fig. 1. Map of Roma
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Fig. 35. Map of Ancient Antioch. (K
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Fig. 68. Sarcophagus from Via Amend
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Fig. 101. Diadora. 140-30 BC. Delos
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION The Antakya
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Antakya sarcophagus is proposed and
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Matz’s unfinished “Corpus der A
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described the Iznik S (Iznik- Nikai
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Fittschen and W. Trillmich are toge
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The question of who owned the marbl
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Other evidence for the high price o
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specially for carrying marble, whic
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The columnar sarcophagi were, there
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type” (Morey, 1924: 29). This typ
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certainly makes sense, given their
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Indeed, G.W. Elderkin compares the
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the barracks today strengthens this
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The necklace found in the sarcophag
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During the joint reign of Gallienus
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4.3 Dimensions The dimensions of th
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A (Selefkeh) (Lawrence, 1958: 289).
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standing in the bays are at the sam
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The rear side of the sarcophagus is
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On the inner-acroteria of the lunet
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4.4.6 Lid The lid is composed of tw
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corner (Fig. 66) has slimmer propor
Page 63 and 64: ight leg, and the left leg is at ea
Page 65 and 66: 4.5.2 Right Side The right side is
Page 67 and 68: low relief. The right forefoot of t
Page 69 and 70: and the left hand are entirely invi
Page 71 and 72: him. The boundary between his left
Page 73 and 74: waist level. She has calcei on her
Page 75 and 76: position. He is wearing a chiton an
Page 77 and 78: Other than the hunting side, the ot
Page 79 and 80: west allegedly after the aristocrac
Page 81 and 82: 1999: 144). On the other hand, the
Page 83 and 84: he and his wife his wife Julia Domn
Page 85 and 86: inging offerings to stelae, with or
Page 87 and 88: “Gates of Hades” through which
Page 89 and 90: The seated and standing male figure
Page 91 and 92: similar to that of the Antakya Sarc
Page 93 and 94: Hunting acquired a different signif
Page 95 and 96: theme on these sarcophagi, on Istan
Page 97 and 98: 1939: 110). Another suggestion is t
Page 99 and 100: CHAPTER VI DATING Proposing a date
Page 101 and 102: stylistic grounds difficult. The ch
Page 103 and 104: Crassus (Morey, 1924: 15). This sug
Page 105 and 106: the Antakya Sarcophagus (on the cen
Page 107 and 108: portal of the Antakya Sarcophagus.
Page 109 and 110: portrait characters and they may ha
Page 111 and 112: and the deep strong drill work appl
Page 113: craftsmen and the inspirations for
Page 117 and 118: Bland, R.F. 1996. “The Developmen
Page 119 and 120: Herz, N., and D.B. Wenner. 1981.
Page 121 and 122: Morwood, J. 1994. The Pocket Oxford
Page 123 and 124: Waelkens, M. 1982. Dokimeion: Die W
Page 125 and 126: FIGURES 107
Page 127 and 128: Fig. 2. Distribution map of Phrygia
Page 129 and 130: Fig. 4. Rome B (Torre Nova) Sarcoph
Page 131 and 132: Fig. 6. Antalya M (Herakles Sarcoph
Page 133 and 134: Fig. 8. Melfi Sarcophagus. 160-70 A
Page 135 and 136: Fig. 10. The Nereid Monument. c.390
Page 137 and 138: Fig. 12. Reconstruction of the Hero
Page 139 and 140: Fig. 15. The scaenae frons of the t
Page 141 and 142: Fig. 17. Marble cornice from the th
Page 143 and 144: Fig. 20. “Mourning Women Sarcopha
Page 145 and 146: Fig. 22. Istanbul A (Selefkeh) Sarc
Page 147 and 148: Fig. 24. Iznik Sarcophagus. Late He
Page 149 and 150: Fig. 26. Drawing of the front side
Page 151 and 152: Fig. 28. Drawing of the right side
Page 153 and 154: Fig. 30. Drawing of the rear side o
Page 155 and 156: Fig. 32. Drawing of the left side o
Page 157 and 158: Fig.4. Map of the Antioch Excavatio
Page 159 and 160: Fig. 36. Plan of Antioch in 1931 dr
Page 161 and 162: Fig. 38. Gold earrings from the Ant
Page 163 and 164: Fig. 44. Roman copy of Doryphoros f
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Fig. 48. Column capital of the Melf
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Fig. 52. Detail of the first bay of
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Fig. 56. The corner figure of the r
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Fig. 60. Lid on the right side of t
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Fig. 63. Right part of the lid on t
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Fig. 68. Sarcophagus from Via Amend
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Fig. 71. Figure E on the Antakya Sa
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Fig. 75. Figure J1, J2, and K on th
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Fig. 80. Figure S on the Antakya Sa
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Fig. 86. Reconstruction of the Athe
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Fig. 88. Cremating and inhuming are
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Fig. 90. Panel from triumphal arch
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Fig. 94. South frieze of the Ara Pa
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Fig. 97. Lid of the Sarcophagus of
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Fig. 99. Large and Small Herculaneu
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Fig. 102. Chrysippos, Stoic. Origin
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Fig. 107. Satrap Sarcophagus from t
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Fig. 109. Lid of an Etruscan sarcop
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Fig. 111. Detail of the architectur
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Fig. 115. Detail of the architectur
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Fig. 119. The Adana Sarcophagus. c.
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Fig. 122. Melos Aphrodite. 2 nd cen
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Fig. 124. Bust of Queen Cleopatra V
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