RMPS - Int2/Higher - World Religions - Judaism - Education Scotland

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INTRODUCTION Main features of the unit The Judaism unit at Higher level specifies key concepts which are studied under three categories: the human condition, the goals, and the means. The human condition • The image of God • Creation • Shabbat • Freewill of man • Evil and suffering The goals • Ritual observance • Ethical living and social justice • Repentance • The Messiah • The Messianic Age and the Covenant The means • The Torah • The Ten Commandments • Halachah, the Oral Law and the Talmud • Orthodox and Progressive attitudes to the Torah and the oral traditions • Justice • Charity • Lashon Harah • Brit Milah • Bar Mitzvah • Bat Mitzvah/Bat Chayil 2 RMPS: WORLD RELIGIONS – JUDAISM (INT 2, H) © Learning and Teaching Scotland
SECTION 1 JUDAISM – AN OVERVIEW The following support notes aim to explain and inform students about Judaism as a religion. It should be understood that the terms Judaism and the Jewish religion are not always exactly the same. Judaism is a broader term that can be used to refer to the totality of Jewish life and thought. Although the Jewish religion is the most important single component in Judaism, the importance of Jewish literature, culture and history as a mirror of the effect of the Jewish religion on Jewish people should be recognised. The word Jew is derived from the Hebrew Jehudi (or Yehudi), meaning a member of the tribe of Judah, which was the name of one of Jacob’s twelve sons. Most Jews are born into Judaism. According to Jewish law, a Jew is a person whose mother was Jewish or who has gone through a formal process of conversion to Judaism. This applies to Orthodox and Reform Judaism but Liberal Judaism additionally recognises as Jewish a person whose father was Jewish. Jewish people can be found throughout the world and this is why Judaism is a world faith. This means that Jews speak different languages and belong to different races and nations. The two main Jewish cultural groups are Ashkenazi, who are Western Jews, i.e. Jews from France, Germany and eastern Europe; and Sephardi, who are from Spain, Portugal, North Africa and the Middle and Far East. Most American Jews today are Ashkenazi as they are descended from Jews who emigrated from Germany and Eastern Europe from the mid-1800s to the early 1900s. British Jewry is also mainly Ashkenazi and descended from Jews who emigrated from Lithuania, Latvia, Poland and Russia in the early 1900s. A further group came from Germany in the 1930s following the rise to power of Adolf Hitler. Judaism covers a broad spectrum of Jewish belief, and can be perceived as ‘a tree of life which has one trunk but several branches’ (Romain, 1991, p25). ‘Orthodox’ is the term used to describe an umbrella group covering a wide variety of traditions from the fully observant (such as members of the Lubavitch and other Hassidic movements) to quite unobservant people who nevertheless acknowledge the authority of a fully observant minister or rabbi. Official orthodoxy, therefore, includes a wide range of beliefs, practices and attitudes. RMPS: WORLD RELIGIONS – JUDAISM (INT 2, H) 3 © Learning and Teaching Scotland
Page 1 and 2: Religious, Moral and Philosophical
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS Introduction 1 Section 1:
Page 5: INTRODUCTION Using these support ma
Page 9 and 10: JUDAISM - AN OVERVIEW that commemor
Page 11 and 12: SECTION 2 What does it mean to be h
Page 13 and 14: The concept and image of God THE HU
Page 15 and 16: THE HUMAN CONDITION He had already
Page 17 and 18: Creation THE HUMAN CONDITION Jews b
Page 19 and 20: Shabbat THE HUMAN CONDITION God res
Page 21 and 22: THE HUMAN CONDITION of the Torah, c
Page 23 and 24: Suggestions for further reading and
Page 25 and 26: THE HUMAN CONDITION Yet, even in ju
Page 27 and 28: SECTION 3 Yetzer Harah and Yetzer T
Page 29 and 30: THE CAUSE OF THE HUMAN CONDITION Su
Page 31 and 32: Suffering is at times inexplicable
Page 33 and 34: SECTION 4 THE GOALS The meaning of
Page 35 and 36: THE GOALS The Shema is the most imp
Page 37 and 38: THE GOALS The meaning of obedience
Page 39 and 40: THE GOALS Activity 17 1. Give the r
Page 43 and 44: Activity 18 1. Read the Ten Command
Page 47 and 48: THE GOALS rest is commentary. Go an
Page 49 and 50: The importance of repentance Repent
Page 51 and 52: Rosh Hashanah THE GOALS Rosh Hashan
Page 53 and 54: Source THE GOALS For the sin that w
Page 55 and 56: 3. Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur are
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SECTION 5 The concept of the Messia
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Olam ha-Bah THE FINAL AIM OF EXISTE
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THE FINAL AIM OF EXISTENCE Genesis
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SECTION 6 The Torah THE MEANS Torah
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THE MEANS The prophetic writings al
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The Ten Commandments THE MEANS The
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Activity 26 THE MEANS (a) Categoris
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THE MEANS fifth century these were
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A page from the Talmud (see Activit
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THE MEANS Theoretically, the term h
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SECTION 7 Moral and social responsi
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THE PRACTICES THAT HELP ACHIEVE THE
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Rites of passage and education Brit
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APPENDIX Glossary APPENDIX Amidah:
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APPENDIX Tanakh: the term for the H
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Useful addresses J E Levingstone (f
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RMPS - Int2/Higher - World Religions - Judaism - Education Scotland

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