Architecture and Modernity : A Critique

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viii Acknowledgments 2 Introduction Architecture Facing Modernity 8 Concepts of Modernity 14 Dwelling Fades into the Distance . . . 18 The Dilemmas of Architecture 2 Reflections in a Mirror 72 The Experience of Rupture Constructing the Modern Movement 26 An Architectural Avant-Garde? 1 29 Sigfried Giedion: A Programmatic View of Modernity New Experiences and a New Outlook Space, Time and Architecture: The Canon of Modern Architecture From Avant-Garde to Canonization 43 Das Neue Frankfurt: The Search for a Unified Culture Ideas and Intentions The Dialectics between an Avant-Garde and a City Das Neue Frankfurt as Avant-Garde 75 Adolf Loos: The Broken Continuation of Tradition Dwelling, Culture, and Modernity An Architecture of Differences Discontinuous Continuity 95 Walter Benjamin: The Dream of a Classless Society Mimesis and Experience To Brush History against the Grain Architecture or the Physiognomy of an Era Dwelling, Transparency, Exteriority Architecture, Modernity, and Dwelling 3 118 Building on Hollow Space: Ernst Bloch’s Criticism of Modern Architecture Heimat as a Utopian Category Washable Walls and Houses like Ships Modernism as a Breaking Point within the Capitalist System 128 The Venice School, or the Diagnosis of Negative Thought Architecture and Utopia The Metropolis and Negative Thought Dwelling and the “Places” of Modernity History as Critique of Ideology
Architecture as Critique of Modernity 148 Avant-Garde versus Modernism 151 New Babylon: The Antinomies of Utopia 220 Afterword: Dwelling, Mimesis, Culture 226 Notes 260 Index Unitary Urbanism and the Critique of Functionalism New Babylon: The Antithesis of the Society of Lies The Tragedy of Utopia 174 No Way Out: Adorno’s Aesthetic Theory Constellating the Nonidentical Modernity as the Unfolding of the Dialectic of Enlightenment 4 Mimesis and Negativity The Dual Character of Art 192 Mimesis in Architecture Mimesis in Contemporary Theory The Issue of Critique Between the Lines A Tower of Babel
Page 2 and 3: This Page Intentionally Left Blank
Page 4 and 5: MIT Press | Cambridge, Massachusett
Page 6 and 7: © 1999 Massachusetts Institute of
Page 12 and 13: Beauty today can have no other meas
Page 14 and 15: Introduction This book grew out of
Page 16 and 17: 4 3, “Reflections in a Mirror,”
Page 18 and 19: 6 modern architecture and its disco
Page 20 and 21: Man must constantly destroy himself
Page 22 and 23: 10 modernity is thus a condition th
Page 24 and 25: 12 view places great emphasis on th
Page 26 and 27: 14 the same time, that threatens to
Page 28 and 29: 16 Truth here is not a state of aff
Page 30 and 31: 18 1 modern, mobile, and unstable s
Page 32: 20 2 Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, proj
Page 35 and 36: Place and the organic relationship
Page 39 and 40: fissure that is typical of modernit
Page 41 and 42: opposed to every rational ordering
Page 43 and 44: Pont Transbordeur (1905) and harbor
Page 45 and 46: served as a guideline for future de
Page 47 and 48: organized around a sequence of some
Page 49 and 50: functionality, industry, experiment
Page 51 and 52: Picasso, L’Arlésienne, 1911-1912
Page 53 and 54: technologies on the one hand with a
Page 55 and 56: Giedion’s arguments in Space, Tim
Page 57 and 58: First issue of Das Neue Frankfurt,
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the stage coach to the railways, fr
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joy a minimum of modern comforts (f
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19 20 Aerial photograph of the Sied
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On the level of the morphology of t
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inaugurate the new era by developin
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houses no longer built face to face
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that the architecture of all the ro
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Westhausen, pedestrian path giving
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The result is a Siedlung in which a
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Theo van Doesburg, Space-Time Const
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Frankfurt were factors that could n
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“A homogeneous metropolitan publi
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This Page Intentionally Left Blank
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The modern was present already, he
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well form an obstacle in the way of
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Josef Hoffmann, Palais Stoclet, Bru
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where it is built. Architects who t
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40 Adolf Loos, Moller House, Vienna
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Adolf Loos, Moller House, axonometr
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ing room is dominated by the dining
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Adolf Loos, Moller House, stairs fr
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exterior is distinguished by the ex
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49 Adolf Loos, house on the Michael
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of the mezzanine the interior fills
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interiors that are decorated by pro
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ecause it is an authentic expressio
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The hallmark of modernity is the de
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Paul Klee, Angelus Novus, 1920. (Th
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tential for reversal (Umschlag), as
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56 57 Passage des Panoramas, Paris,
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ety. This assessment of modern arch
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opposition between allegory and sym
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The primal form of all dwelling is
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had animated genuine humanism. A ne
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the term with flexibility and adapt
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Architecture, Modernity, and Dwelli
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Leipzig. The regime there was initi
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architecture, with all its flamboya
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It goes without saying that communi
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Modernism as a Breaking Point withi
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anything in functionalism that migh
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these views were formulated more pr
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the process of social modernization
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chaos. Tafuri argues, however, that
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Furthermore, as Tafuri points out,
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Paul Citroën, Metropolis, 1923. (R
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with the process of rationalization
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to a “school of resistance.” Un
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Nonetheless, says Dal Co, modern ar
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plays a kind of materialism based o
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never ends definitively. 191 And ye
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ing educational institutions and th
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International situationism was the
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of individuals. The term suggests t
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urbanism. This causes a subversion
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played an important part. The Provo
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Culture has always been created in
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During the first years of New Babyl
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Constant, New Babylon, interior vie
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Constant, New Babylon, drawing, 196
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Constant, New Babylon, labyrinth wi
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Constant, Ode à l’Odéon, 1969.
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Constant, Terrain vague, 1973. (Col
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each the pure kernel of authenticit
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the center of contemporary antinomi
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The final star in Adorno’s conste
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ment, to escape the identifying, to
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and emancipation risk becoming illu
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time as the Dialectic of Enlightenm
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diating between rationality and mim
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thoroughly negative one, showing as
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ut for this gesture. In his analyse
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that determine their condition. In
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For Heidegger the Greek temple is a
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explore the theme of mimesis in any
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fectly. The dream of a perfect auto
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the design process at which an arch
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Daniel Libeskind, extension of the
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Daniel Libeskind, extension of the
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an endless list of names, dates of
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in history, a hole that swallows up
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A Tower of Babel To stay viable aft
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Office for Metropolitan Architectur
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Office for Metropolitan Architectur
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unique landmark with an unmistakabl
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moment of “authenticity” that w
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A reflection on dwelling leads one
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to do with porosity and transparenc
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Architecture Facing Modernity 1 Epi
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Press, 1979). See also Georges Teys
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siveness of the residence is not ov
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tently, arrogantly and with loathin
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würdigen Unterkunft harren. Wären
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Forderungen. Gelänge es dem vormal
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for people. This mask takes a form
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Sprache der Menschen,” an early e
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74 Benjamin, Gesammelte Schriften,
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107 See Benjamin, Berliner Kindheit
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möglich Positives: dass die Trümm
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keep a minimal escape route open. I
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19 Ibid.: “Nous avons inventé l
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50 Ibid., p. 163; German text: “W
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79 This point of view is related to
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115 Bernhard Schneider, “Daniel L
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B Bahr, Hermann, 72-73, 74, 76, 141
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K Kabbala, 95, 176 Kabouters, 157 K
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T Tafuri, Manfredo, 5, 53, 69, 117,
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Architecture and Modernity : A Critique

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