SAMPLING VEGETATION ATTRIBUTES - New Mexico NRCS - US ...

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VI. GLOSSARY OF TERMS A GLOSSARY actual use: a report of the actual livestock grazing use certified to be accurate by the permittee or lessee. Actual use may be expressed in terms of animal unit months or animal months. allotment: an area of land designated and managed for grazing by livestock. Such an area may include intermingled private, state, or federal lands used for grazing in conjunction with the public lands. allotment management plan (AMP): a documented program which applies to livestock grazing on the public lands, prepared by consulting, cooperating, and coordinating with the permittee(s), lessee(s), or other interested publics. analysis: (1) a detailed examination of anything complex in order to understand its nature or determine its essential features; or (2) a separating or breaking up of any whole into its component parts for the purpose of examining their nature, function, relationship, etc. A rangeland analysis includes an examination of both biotic (plants, animals, etc.) and abiotic (soils, topography, etc.) attributes of the rangeland. annual plant: a plant that completes its life cycle and dies in 1 year or less. animal month: a month’s tenure upon the rangeland by one animal. Animal month is not synonymous with animal unit month. animal unit: considered to be one mature cow of approximately 1,000 pounds, either dry or with calf up to six months of age, or their equivalent, based on a standardized amount of forage consumed. animal unit month (AUM): the amount of dry forage required by one animal unit for one month, based on a forage allowance of 26 pounds per day. apparent trend: an assessment, using professional judgement, based on a one-time observation. It includes consideration of such factors as plant vigor, abundance of seedlings and young plants, accumulation or lack of plant residues on the soil surface, and soil surface characteristics (i.e., crusting, gravel pavement, pedicled plants, and sheet or rill erosion. available forage: that portion of the forage production that is accessible for use by a specified kind or class of grazing animal. B basal cover (area): the cross-sectional area of the stem or stems of a plant, or all plants in a stand. Herbaceous and small woody plants are measured at or near the ground level; larger woody plants are measured at breast or other designated height. biomass: the total amount of living plants and animals above and below ground in an area at a given time. 131
132 GLOSSARY browse: (1) the part of shrubs, half shrubs, woody vines, and trees available for animal consumption; or (2) to search for or consume browse. browse plant or browse species: a shrub, half shrub, woody vine, or tree capable of producing shoot, twig, and leaf growth suitable for animal consumption. C canopy cover: the percentage of ground covered by a vertical projection of the outermost perimeter of the natural spread of foliage of plants. Small openings within the canopy are included. Canopy cover is synonymous with crown cover. class of livestock: the age and/or sex groups of a kind of livestock. community: an assemblage of populations of plants and/or animals in a common spatial arrangement. composition: the proportions of various plant species in relation to the total on a given area. It may be expressed in terms of relative cover, relative density, relative weight, etc. cool season species: plants whose major growth occurs during the late fall, winter and early spring. crown cover: (See canopy cover.) critical area: an area which should be treated with special consideration because of inherent site factors, size, location, condition, values, or significant potential conflicts among uses. D density: numbers of individuals or stems per unit area (does not equate to any kind of cover measurement). E ecological site: a kind of rangeland with a specific potential natural community and specific physical site characteristics, differing from other kinds of rangeland in its ability to produce vegetation and to respond to management. Ecological sites are defined and described with soil, species composition, and production emphasis. Ecological site is synonymous with range site and ecological type (FS). ecological status: the present state of vegetation of an ecological site in relation to the potential natural community for the site. Ecological status is independent of use. It is an expression of the relative degree to which the kinds, proportions, and amounts of plants in a community resemble that of the potential natural community. The four ecological status classes correspond to 0-25, 26-50, 51-75, or 76-100 percent similarity to the potential natural community and are called early-seral, mid-seral, late-seral, and potential natural community, respectively. estimated use: the use made of forage on an area by wildlife, wild horses, wild burros, and/ or livestock where actual use data are not available. Estimated use may be expressed in terms of animal unit months or animal months.
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SAMPLING VEGETATION ATTRIBUTES INTE
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TABLE OF CONTENTS SAMPLING VEGETATI
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TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS
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I. PREFACE PREFACE The intent of th
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2 INTRODUCTION values when individu
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4 INTRODUCTION represent the “pul
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6 INTRODUCTION G. Coordination Moni
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8 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS A. Plan
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10 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS Macrop
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12 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS Becaus
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14 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS d From
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16 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS b Cove
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18 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS sideoa
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4 3.5 3 2.5 20 5 STUDY DESIGN AND A
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22 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS C. Oth
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24 ATTRIBUTES Frequency is the numb
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26 ATTRIBUTES 2. Advantages and Lim
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28 ATTRIBUTES b Standing crop and p
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30 ATTRIBUTES
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32 METHODS—Photographs c Angle ir
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METHODS—Photographs Hinge Rod sta
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METHODS—Photographs angle iron st
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38 METHODS—Frequency • One tran
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40 METHODS—Frequency transected,
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42 METHODS—Frequency (3) Total fr
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Page of Frequency 44 Study Number D
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METHODS—Frequency The frame is ma
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50 METHODS—Dry Weight Rank C. Dry
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52 METHODS—Dry Weight Rank After
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D. Daubenmire Method METHODS—Daub
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METHODS—Daubenmire b Ten Cover Cl
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Page of Daubenmire Study Number Dat
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50 cm Six Cover Class Frame 20 cm R
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METHODS—Line Intercept b Pilot St
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METHODS—Line Intercept Hanley, Th
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70 METHODS—Step Point F. Step-Poi
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72 METHODS—Step Point the boot an
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74 METHODS—Step Point measures AN
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78 METHODS—Point Intercept G. Poi
Page 87 and 88: 80 METHODS—Point Intercept 8. Sam
Page 89 and 90: 82 METHODS—Point Intercept b Tran
Page 91 and 92: METHODS—Point Intercept Examples
Page 93 and 94: 86 METHODS—Cover Board H. Cover B
Page 95 and 96: 88 METHODS—Cover Board g Study Do
Page 98: Page of Cover Board Method Profile
Page 101 and 102: 94 METHODS—Density I. Density Met
Page 103 and 104: 96 METHODS—Density (often very mu
Page 105 and 106: 98 METHODS—Density able to make s
Page 107: Page of Density Study Number Date E
Page 110 and 111: • Herbage Yield Tables for Trees
Page 112 and 113: METHODS—Double Weight Sampling (4
Page 114 and 115: METHODS—Double Weight Sampling d
Page 116: Page of Production Study Number Dat
Page 119 and 120: 112 METHODS—Harvest K. Harvest Me
Page 121 and 122: 114 METHODS—Harvest 7. Taking Pho
Page 123 and 124: 116 METHODS—Comparative Yield L.
Page 125 and 126: 118 METHODS—Comparative Yield (1)
Page 127 and 128: 120 METHODS—Comparative Yield Tab
Page 130 and 131: M. Visual Obstruction Method - Robe
Page 132 and 133: METHODS—Visual Obstruction—Robe
Page 134: Sampling Interval Study Location 1
Page 137: 130 METHODS—Other N. Other Method
Page 141 and 142: 134 GLOSSARY grazable woodland: for
Page 143 and 144: 136 GLOSSARY sample: a set of sampl
Page 145 and 146: 138 GLOSSARY
Page 147 and 148: 140 REFERENCES Crocker, R.L. and N.
Page 149 and 150: 142 REFERENCES Hironaka, M. 1985. F
Page 151 and 152: 144 REFERENCES Nie, Norman H., C. H
Page 153 and 154: 146 REFERENCES Society for Range Ma
Page 155 and 156: 148 REFERENCES Whitman, W.C. and E.
Page 157: Location 150 APPENDIX A Study Locat
Page 160 and 161: APPENDIX B APPENDIX B—STUDY AND P
Page 162 and 163: APPENDIX B 3. Label 3 A placard on
Page 164 and 165: APPENDIX C Photo Identification Lab
Page 167 and 168: 160 APPENDIX C
Page 169 and 170: 162 APPENDIX D The formula for usin
Page 171: Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Pub
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SAMPLING VEGETATION ATTRIBUTES - New Mexico NRCS - US ...

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