SAMPLING VEGETATION ATTRIBUTES - New Mexico NRCS - US ...

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50 cm Six Cover Class Frame 20 cm Rangeland Monitoring Daubenmire Frame 71 mm 71 mm Illustration 11 METHODS—Daubenmire The frame is made of 3/8-inch iron rod. The inside dimensions of the frame are 20 x 50 centimeters. The frame should have sharpened legs 3 centimenters long welded to each corner to help hold the frame in place. The six cover class frame is divided into fourths by painting alternate sections of the frame different colors as illustrated. Use orange and white or red and white paint. In one corner of the frame, delineate two sides of an area 71 millimeters square as illustrated. This area represents 5% of the quadrat area. The painted design provides visual reference areas equal to 5, 25, 50, 75, 95, and 100% of the plot area. 63
64 METHODS—Line Intercept E. Line Intercept Method 1. General Description The Line Intercept method consists of horizontal, linear measurements of plant intercepts along the course of a line (tape). It is designed for measuring grass or grass-like plants, forbs, shrubs, and trees. The following vegetation attributes are monitored with this method: • Foliar and basal cover • Composition (by cover) It is important to establish a photo plot (see Section V.A) and take both close-up and general view photographs. This allows the portrayal of resource values and conditions and furnishes visual evidence of vegetation and soil changes over time. 2. Areas of Use This method is ideally suited for semiarid bunchgrass-shrub vegetation types. 3. Advantages and Limitations The Line Intercept method is best suited where the boundaries of plant growth are relatively easy to determine. It can be adapted to sampling varying densities and types of vegetation. It is not well adapted, however, for estimating cover on single-stemmed species, dense grassland situations, litter, or gravel less than 1/2 inch in diameter. It is best suited to estimating cover on shrubs. 4. Equipment The following equipment is needed (see also the equipment listed in Section V.A, page 31, for the establishment of the photo plot): • Study Location and Documentation Data form (see Appendix A) • Line Intercept form (see Illustration 12) • Hammer • Permanent yellow or orange spray paint • Two stakes: 3/4 - or 1-inch angle iron not less than 16 inches long. • Two tapes: 100- or 200-foot, delineated in tenths and hundredths, or a metric tape of the desired length • Compass • Steel post and driver 5. Training A minimum of training is needed to make sure the examiners understand how to lay out baselines and transects and how to make the measurements. The examiner must also be able to identify the plant species. 6. Establishing Studies Careful establishment of studies is a critical element in obtaining meaningful data (see Section III). a Site Selection The most important factor in obtaining usable data is selecting representative areas (critical or key areas) in which to run the study (see Section II.D). Study sites should be located within a single plant community within a single ecological site. Transects and sampling points need to be randomly located within the critical or key areas (see Section III).
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SAMPLING VEGETATION ATTRIBUTES INTE
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TABLE OF CONTENTS SAMPLING VEGETATI
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TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS
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I. PREFACE PREFACE The intent of th
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2 INTRODUCTION values when individu
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4 INTRODUCTION represent the “pul
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6 INTRODUCTION G. Coordination Moni
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8 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS A. Plan
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10 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS Macrop
Page 19 and 20: 12 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS Becaus
Page 21 and 22: 14 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS d From
Page 23 and 24: 16 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS b Cove
Page 25 and 26: 18 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS sideoa
Page 27 and 28: 4 3.5 3 2.5 20 5 STUDY DESIGN AND A
Page 29 and 30: 22 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS C. Oth
Page 31 and 32: 24 ATTRIBUTES Frequency is the numb
Page 33 and 34: 26 ATTRIBUTES 2. Advantages and Lim
Page 35 and 36: 28 ATTRIBUTES b Standing crop and p
Page 37 and 38: 30 ATTRIBUTES
Page 39 and 40: 32 METHODS—Photographs c Angle ir
Page 41 and 42: METHODS—Photographs Hinge Rod sta
Page 43 and 44: METHODS—Photographs angle iron st
Page 45 and 46: 38 METHODS—Frequency • One tran
Page 47 and 48: 40 METHODS—Frequency transected,
Page 49 and 50: 42 METHODS—Frequency (3) Total fr
Page 51: Page of Frequency 44 Study Number D
Page 55 and 56: METHODS—Frequency The frame is ma
Page 57 and 58: 50 METHODS—Dry Weight Rank C. Dry
Page 59 and 60: 52 METHODS—Dry Weight Rank After
Page 62 and 63: D. Daubenmire Method METHODS—Daub
Page 64 and 65: METHODS—Daubenmire b Ten Cover Cl
Page 66: Page of Daubenmire Study Number Dat
Page 72 and 73: METHODS—Line Intercept b Pilot St
Page 74 and 75: METHODS—Line Intercept Hanley, Th
Page 77 and 78: 70 METHODS—Step Point F. Step-Poi
Page 79 and 80: 72 METHODS—Step Point the boot an
Page 81 and 82: 74 METHODS—Step Point measures AN
Page 85 and 86: 78 METHODS—Point Intercept G. Poi
Page 87 and 88: 80 METHODS—Point Intercept 8. Sam
Page 89 and 90: 82 METHODS—Point Intercept b Tran
Page 91 and 92: METHODS—Point Intercept Examples
Page 93 and 94: 86 METHODS—Cover Board H. Cover B
Page 95 and 96: 88 METHODS—Cover Board g Study Do
Page 98: Page of Cover Board Method Profile
Page 101 and 102: 94 METHODS—Density I. Density Met
Page 103 and 104: 96 METHODS—Density (often very mu
Page 105 and 106: 98 METHODS—Density able to make s
Page 107: Page of Density Study Number Date E
Page 110 and 111: • Herbage Yield Tables for Trees
Page 112 and 113: METHODS—Double Weight Sampling (4
Page 114 and 115: METHODS—Double Weight Sampling d
Page 116: Page of Production Study Number Dat
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112 METHODS—Harvest K. Harvest Me
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114 METHODS—Harvest 7. Taking Pho
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116 METHODS—Comparative Yield L.
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118 METHODS—Comparative Yield (1)
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120 METHODS—Comparative Yield Tab
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M. Visual Obstruction Method - Robe
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METHODS—Visual Obstruction—Robe
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Sampling Interval Study Location 1
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130 METHODS—Other N. Other Method
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132 GLOSSARY browse: (1) the part o
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134 GLOSSARY grazable woodland: for
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136 GLOSSARY sample: a set of sampl
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138 GLOSSARY
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140 REFERENCES Crocker, R.L. and N.
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142 REFERENCES Hironaka, M. 1985. F
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144 REFERENCES Nie, Norman H., C. H
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146 REFERENCES Society for Range Ma
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148 REFERENCES Whitman, W.C. and E.
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Location 150 APPENDIX A Study Locat
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APPENDIX B APPENDIX B—STUDY AND P
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APPENDIX B 3. Label 3 A placard on
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APPENDIX C Photo Identification Lab
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160 APPENDIX C
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162 APPENDIX D The formula for usin
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Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Pub
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SAMPLING VEGETATION ATTRIBUTES - New Mexico NRCS - US ...

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