Growth stages of mono-and dicotyledonous plants - Regione ...

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The extended BBCH-scale, general Hack et al., 1992 D = Dicotyledons M = Monocotyledons V = Development from vegetative parts or propagated organs. G = Gramineae P = Perennial plants No code letter is used if the description applies to all groups of plants. Code Description Principal growth stage 0: Germination, sprouting, bud development 00 Dry seed (seed dressing takes place at stage 00) P, V Winter dormancy or resting period 01 Beginning of seed imbibition; P, V Beginning of bud swelling 03 Seed imbibition complete; P, V End of bud swelling 05 Radicle (root) emerged from seed; P, V Perennating organs forming roots 06 Elongation of radicle, formation of root hairs and/or lateral roots 07 G Coleoptile emerged from caryopsis; D, M Hypocotyl with cotyledons or shoot breaking through seed coat; P, V Beginning of sprouting or bud breaking 08 D Hypocotyl with cotyledons growing towards soil surface; P, V Shoot growing towards soil surface 09 G Emergence: Coleoptile breaks through soil surface; D, M Emergence: Cotyledons break through soil surface (except hypogeal germination); D, V Emergence: Shoot/leaf breaks through soil surface; P Bud shows green tips Principal growth stage 1: Leaf development (main shoot) 10 G First true leaf emerged from coleoptile; D, M Cotyledons completely unfolded; P First leaves separated 11 First true leaf, leaf pair or whorl unfolded; P First leaves unfolded 12 2 true leaves, leaf pairs or whorls unfolded 13 3 true leaves, leaf pairs or whorls unfolded 1 . Stages continuous till . . . 19 9 or more true leaves, leaf pairs or whorls unfolded
The extended BBCH-scale, general Hack et al., 1992 Code Description Principal growth stage 2: Formation of side shoots/tillering 21 First side shoot visible; G First tiller visible 22 2 side shoots visible; G 2 tillers visible 23 3 side shoots visible; G 3 tillers visible 2 . Stages continuous till . . . 29 9 or more side shoots visible; G 9 or more tillers visible Principal growth stage 3: Stem elongation or rosette growth, shoot development (main shoot) 31 Stem (rosette) 10% of final length (diameter); G 1 node detectable 32 Stem (rosette) 20% of final length (diameter); G 2 nodes detectable 33 Stem (rosette) 30% of final length (diameter); G 3 nodes detectable 3 . Stages continuous till . . . 39 Maximum stem length or rosette diameter reached; G 9 or more nodes detectable Principal growth stage 4: Development of harvestable vegetative plant parts or vegetatively propagated organs/booting (main shoot) 40 Harvestable vegetative plant parts or vegetatively propagated organs begin to develop 41 G Flag leaf sheath extending 43 Harvestable vegetative plant parts or vegetatively propagated organs have reached 30% of final size; G Flag leaf sheath just visibly swollen (mid-boot) 45 Harvestable vegetative plant parts or vegetatively propagated organs have reached 50% of final size; G Flag leaf sheath swollen (late-boot) 47 Harvestable vegetative plant parts or vegetatively propagated organs have reached 70% of final size; G Flag leaf sheath opening 49 Harvestable vegetative plant parts or vegetatively propagated organs have reached final size; G First awns visible
Page 1 and 2: Growth stages of mono-and dicotyled
Page 3 and 4: General Scale Cereals, Rice, Maize
Page 5 and 6: Note of Thanks This book was made p
Page 7 and 8: The principal growth stages need no
Page 12 and 13: The extended BBCH-scale, general Ha
Page 14 and 15: The extended BBCH-scale, for specif
Page 16 and 17: Cereals Witzenberger et al., 1989;
Page 18 and 19: Cereals
Page 20 and 21: Rice Lancashire et al., 1991 Phenol
Page 22 and 23: Rice © 1989: Bayer Detail
Page 24 and 25: Maize Weber and Bleiholder, 1990; L
Page 26 and 27: Maize © 1989: BASF AG
Page 28 and 29: Oilseed rape Weber and Bleiholder,
Page 30 and 31: Oilseed rape Weber and Bleiholder,
Page 32 and 33: Oilseed rape 53 (Detail)
Page 34 and 35: Faba bean Weber and Bleiholder, 199
Page 36 and 37: Faba bean
Page 38 and 39: Sunflower Weber and Bleiholder, 199
Page 40 and 41: Sunflower
Page 42 and 43: Beet Meier et al., 1993 Phenologica
Page 44 and 45: Potato Hack et al., 1993 Phenologic
Page 50 and 51: Potato © 1993: IVA
Page 52 and 53: Pome fruit Meier et al., 1994 Pheno
Page 54 and 55: Pome fruit 1 Leave bud smaller and
Page 56 and 57: Stone fruit Meier et al., 1994 Phen
Page 58 and 59: Currants Meier et al., 1994 Phenolo
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Currants Meier et al., 1994 Phenolo
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Strawberry Meier et al., 1994 Pheno
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Strawberries © 1994: BBA und IVA
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Citrus Agusti et al., 1995 Phenolog
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Olive Sanz-Cortés et al., in press
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Olive © 2001: BBA 00 07 09 11 33
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71 79 81 89 92
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Coffee Arcila-Pulgarín et al., in
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Coffee 10 19/33 00 05 09 21/90 23/9
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Musaceae Gonzales et al., in prepar
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Page 82 and 83:
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Musacea 0 Sprouting 1 Leaf developm
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IXX0 IXX2 IXX4 IXX6 IXX8 20 XX = 00
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60 62 61 65 70 72 79 69
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91 95 93 98
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Grapevine Lorenz et al., 1994 Pheno
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Soybean Munger et al., 1997 Phenolo
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Soybean Munger et al., 1997 Phenolo
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Soybean
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Cotton Munger et al., 1998 Phenolog
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Cotton © 1997: BASF AG
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Peanut Munger et al., 1998a Phenolo
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Peanut © 1997: BASF
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Hop Rossbauer et al., 1995 Phenolog
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Hop
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Bulb vegetables Feller et al., 1995
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Bulb vegetables © 1994: BBA und IV
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Root and stem vegetables Feller et
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Leaf vegetables (forming heads) Fel
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Leaf vegetables (forming heads) Fel
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Leaf vegetables (not forming heads)
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Leaf vegetables (not forming heads)
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Other brassica vegetables Feller et
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Other brassica vegetables Feller et
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Cucurbits Feller et al., 1995 b Phe
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Cucurbits Feller et al., 1995 b Phe
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Solanaceous fruits Feller et al., 1
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Solanaceous fruits Feller et al., 1
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Pea Weber and Bleiholder, 1990; Fel
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Pea © 1994: BBA und IVA Stipule In
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Bean Feller et al., 1995 b Phenolog
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Bean © 1994: BBA und IVA
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Weed species Hess et al., 1997 Phen
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Weed species © 1997: BBA und IVA
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Weed species
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MUNGER, P., H. BLEIHOLDER, H. HACK,
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BERNING, A., K. HEIN, L. KUNZE und
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KELLER, C. und M. BAGGIOLINI, 1954:
Page 158:
SYLVESTER-BRADLEY, R., 1985: Revisi
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