Cuyahoga County: Public Safety Answering Point ... - Cleveland.com

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Cuyahoga County: PSAP Assessment 11. Appendix 11.1 PSAP Definition & Overview A PSAP is defined as a Public Safety Answering Point. A PSAP is a call center responsible for answering calls to an emergency telephone number for police, firefighting and ambulance services. By law only one PSAP may exist per municipality. Additionally, each 10-digit phone number may only be linked to one PSAP. A PSAP is also a facility operated on a 24-hour basis assigned the responsibility of receiving 9-1-1 calls. It directly dispatches emergency services or passes 9-1- 1 calls on to public or private safety agencies. Trained operators are responsible for dispatching the emergency services. Most PSAPs are now capable of caller location for landline calls, and many can handle mobile phone locations as well (sometimes referred to as phase II location), where the mobile phone company has a handset location system. Some can also use voice broadcasting, where outgoing voice mail can be sent to many phone numbers at once, in order to alert people to a local emergency such as a chemical spill, also known as reverse 9-1-1 technology. In the United States, the county or a large city usually handles this responsibility. As a division of a U.S. state, counties are generally bound to provide this and other emergency services even within the municipalities, unless the municipality chooses to opt out and have its own system, sometimes along with a neighboring jurisdiction. If a city operates its own PSAP but not its own particular emergency service (for example, City Police but County Fire), it may be necessary to relay the call to the PSAP that does handle that type of call. The U.S. requires caller location capability on the part of all phone companies, including mobile ones, but there is no federal law requiring PSAPs to be able to receive such information. 11.1.1 Cuyahoga County PSAP Overview Today, there are 47 PSAPs that exist across Cuyahoga County. Typical counties in the U.S. have less than five total PSAPs. 11.2 9-1-1 Overview Within the United States and Canada, dialing "9-1-1" from any telephone will link the caller to an emergency dispatch center—called a PSAP, or Public Safety Answering Point, by the telecom industry—which can send emergency responders to the caller's location in an emergency. In most areas, enhanced 9- 1-1 is available, which automatically gives dispatch the caller's location, if Page 46
Cuyahoga County: PSAP Assessment available. Enhanced 9-1-1 or E9-1-1 service is a North American telecommunications-based system that automatically associates a physical address with the calling party's telephone number, and routes the call to the most appropriate Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP) for that address. The final destination of an E9-1-1 call—the location where the 9-1-1 operator is working—is called a Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP). There may be multiple PSAPs within the same exchange, or one PSAP may cover multiple exchanges. The territories covered by a single PSAP are based more on historical and legal police considerations than on telecommunications issues. Most PSAPs have a regional Emergency Service Number, a number identifying the PSAP. The Caller Location Information (CLI) provided is normally integrated into an emergency dispatch center's computer-assisted dispatch (CAD) system, to provide the dispatcher with an onscreen street map that highlights the caller's position and the nearest available emergency responders. For Wireline (land line) E9-1-1, the location is an address. For Wireless E9-1-1, the location may be a set of coordinates or the physical address of the cellular tower from which the wireless call originated. Not all PSAPs have the Wireless and Wireline systems integrated. As other aspects of the technology of managing emergency response evolve, the PSAPs will need to evolve with them. 5 http://www.911.lubbock.tx.us/images/callflow.gif 5 Page 47
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