Egypt : Complete Profile - What is GIS - World Health Organization

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Health Systems Profile- Egypt Regional Health Systems Observatory- EMRO 4 HEALTH SYSTEM ORGANIZATION 4.1 Brief History of the Health Care System Egypt has a highly pluralistic health care system, with many different public and private providers and financing agents. Health services are currently managed, financed and provided by agencies in the various sectors of the government under different laws, operating with variable levels of independence. They are also made available by private providers of different categories and at variable levels of intervention. See 9.1.1 for Egyptian Health Sector Reform Program. The health delivery system in Egypt consists of the government sector providers, which are financed primarily through Ministry of Finance budget transfers, and public sector providers, which receive some transfers from MOF (but have other independent sources of revenues), and also the private sector providers. Figure 1 below shows how the sources of health spending are distributed across these different sectors of the health delivery system. MOHP facilities in total receive only 19% of total financial resources in the health sector, most of this coming from the MOF, but significant quantities are also coming from international donors. Of this total budget less than 60% actually is spent in MOHP facilities. More than 40% is transferred to other institutions and agencies such as the teaching hospitals, Ministry of Education (MOE), Health Insurance Organization (HIO), Curative Care Organization (CCO), and other facilities run by other ministries. Given this profile of spending, it is apparent that the Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP) does not have a dominant position within the health sector from a financing perspective. The modest financing role of the MOHP is further confirmed when one examines the final uses of the money entering the health sector. Whereas only 19% of total health financing is spent in MOHP facilities, approximately 20% of total health spending occurs in other government or public health facilities. This occurs because the other public providers of care, such as university hospitals, HIO facilities, and CCO, have a much more diversified financial base than MOHP. They are less dependent on MOF financing, although they receive considerable public subsidies. Levels of cost recovery in these other public facilities are also greater than for MOHP facilities. University hospitals and HIO are major recipients of health sector spending. They account for 8% and 12% respectively of total health spending. The other non-MOHP government providers are relatively insignificant. 4.2 Public Health Care System The Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP) operates through a functional structure, through an administrative and a technical workforce across four levels namely, Central, Health Directorates (at governorate level), Health Districts, and Health care Providers. The MOHP central organizational structure is an extensive structure headed by the Minister. See the attached MOHP organogram. It employs almost 5,000 personnel, including professional and supporting staff, who are in charge of main central functions such as planning, supervision, program management and maintenance. 17
Health Systems Profile- Egypt Regional Health Systems Observatory- EMRO At the central level, the MOHP is divided into broad functional divisions including: (i) The Minister’s Office Affairs Sector (ii) The Training and Research Sector (iii) The Health Care and Nursing Sector (iv) The Preventive Affairs and Endemic Diseases Sector (v) The Curative Health Sector (vi) The Health Regions Sector In addition to the above six sectors, the central organizational structure of the MOHP includes a central department directly accountable to the Minister: (vii) Central Department for General Secretariat (viii) Sector for Technical Support and Projects The MOHP overall structure is therefore made up of seven functional divisions embracing 23 central departments and 73 general departments at the central level. Each of departments is in charge of various functions. The seven sectoral heads, however, report directly to the Minister. In addition to this, several of the central departmental heads also report directly to the Minister. These include the heads of: − Preventive Care − Laboratories − Primary Health Care − Endemic Diseases − Technical Support and Projects − Curative Care − Research and Development − Pharmaceuticals − Dentistry − Family Planning − Nursing The above central organizational structure is replicated at each governorate level. The governorate level health directorates are responsible to the MOHP for technical functions, but report to the Governorate Executive Council (headed by the Governor) for day-to-day management of activities. Egypt is formed of 26 governorates. There are, however, 27 health directorates in operation because Luxor City has a separate health directorate, despite being administratively part of Qena Governorate. An Undersecretary or a Director General, the “Director of Health Affairs”, whose functional grade differs according to the governorate size, heads each governorate health directorate. The Director of Health Affairs supervises the Health District Directors. The district health organizational structure is simply a replication of the governorate structure, where the basic functions are implemented on a smaller scale. Reporting to the governorate health directorates are 255 health districts. Each district has a director who is sometimes also the District Hospital Director (seconded to take over both jobs). The health districts (and to some extent the health directorate) work, in theory, according to the organizational structure and staffing patterns authorized by the CAOA. However, in reality, there is a great degree of variability in these structures and patterns. The MOHP is the major provider of primary, preventive and curative care throughout Egypt, utilizing 4,506health facilities and 152.172 beds nationwide. 18
Page 2 and 3: Health Systems Profile- Egypt Regio
Page 68 and 69:
Health Systems Profile- Egypt Regio
Page 70 and 71:
Page 72 and 73:
Page 74 and 75:
Page 76 and 77:
Page 78 and 79:
Page 80 and 81:
Page 82 and 83:
Page 84 and 85:
Page 86 and 87:
Page 88 and 89:
Page 90 and 91:
Page 92 and 93:
Page 94 and 95:
Page 96 and 97:
Page 98 and 99:
Page 100 and 101:
Page 102 and 103:
Page 104 and 105:
Page 106 and 107:
Page 108 and 109:
Page 110:
show all

Egypt : Complete Profile - What is GIS - World Health Organization

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?