Egypt : Complete Profile - What is GIS - World Health Organization

Health Systems Profile- Egypt Regional Health Systems Observatory- EMRO
Contents
F OREWORD................................................................................................................ 5
1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY......................................................................................... 7
2 SOCIO ECONOMIC G EOPOLITICAL MAPPING..................................................... 11
2.1 Socio-cultural Factors ................................................................................. 11
2.2 Economy ................................................................................................... 11
2.3 Geography and Climate .............................................................................. 12
2.4 Political/ Administrative Structure................................................................ 12
3 HEALTH STATUS AND DEMOGRAPHICS .............................................................. 14
3.1 Health Status Indicators ............................................................................. 14
3.2 Demography.............................................................................................. 15
4 HEALTH S YSTEM ORGANIZATION ..................................................................... 17
4.1 Brief History of the Health Care System ....................................................... 17
4.2 Public Health Care System .......................................................................... 17
4.3 Private Health Care System......................................................................... 20
4.4 Overall Health Care System ........................................................................ 21
5 GOVERNANCE/OVERSIGHT................................................................................ 23
5.1 Process of Policy, Planning and management............................................... 23
5.2 Decentralization: Key characteristics of principal types ................................. 24
5.3 Health Information Systems........................................................................ 27
5.4 Health Systems Research............................................................................ 28
5.5 Accountability Mechanisms ......................................................................... 28
6 HEALTH CARE FINANCE AND EXPENDITURE...................................................... 29
6.1 Health Expenditure Data and Trends ........................................................... 29
6.2 Tax-based Financing .................................................................................. 32
6.3 Insurance .................................................................................................. 33
6.4 Out-of-Pocket Payments ............................................................................. 40
6.5 External Sources of Finance ........................................................................ 41
6.6 Provider Payment Mechanisms.................................................................... 41
7 HUMAN RESOURCES ......................................................................................... 45
7.1 Human resources availability and creation ................................................... 45
7.2 Human resources policy and reforms over last 10 years................................ 55
8 HEALTH SERVICE DELIVERY..................................................................................... 59
8.1 Service Delivery Data for Health services ..................................................... 59
8.2 Package of Services for Health Care ............................................................ 63
8.3 Primary Health Care ................................................................................... 63
8.4 Non personal Services: Preventive/Promotive Care....................................... 75
8.5 Secondary/Tertiary Care ............................................................................. 77
8.6 Long-Term Care......................................................................................... 90
8.7 Pharmaceuticals ......................................................................................... 89
8.8 Technology...............................................................................................100
9 HEALTH SYSTEM REFORMS.....................................................................................101
9.1 Summary of Recent and planned reforms ...................................................101
10 REFERENCES ...................................................................................................107
11.ANNEXES ................................................................................................................
11.1 Ministry of Health and Population Organogram.............................................
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