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Download PDF - Speleogenesis

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PLATE 2 MORPHOLOGIC SUITE OF RISING FLOW: FEEDERS<br />

Plate 2. Feeders: side feeders with ear-like or domed orifices. A = Ozerna Cave, western Ukraine (Miocene gypsum); B, E = Coffee Cave,<br />

NM, USA (Permian gypsum); C = Robber Baron Cave, TX, USA (Cretaceous limestone); D = Spider Cave, NM, USA (Permian limestone);<br />

G = Dzhurinskaja Cave, western Ukraine (Miocene gypsum); F = Carlsbad Cavern, Guadalupe Mountains, NM, USA (Permian limestone); H<br />

= Optymistychna Cave, western Ukraine (Miocene gypsum); I = Endless Cave, NM, USA. Photos by A. Klimchouk.<br />

Note: A feeder in Endless Cave, Guadalupe Mountains, NM (photo I), is rimmed with a massive deposit of endellite (hydrated halloysite), a<br />

clay alteration mineral indicative of sulfuric acid. Other occurrences of endellite rimming feeders are found in Amazing Maze Cave in Texas<br />

(see Plate 4-D).

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