Development of an Augmented Reality system using ARToolKit

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Development of an Augmented Reality system using ARToolKit and user invisible markers 1. Introduction Virtual Reality (VR) has been around for quite some time and consequently has found its way into many application areas. One area that Delft University of Technology is investigating with their project Virtual Reality and Phobias is the application of VR to the treatment of phobias. Results have been encouraging; virtual reality exposure has shown to be as effective as in vivo exposure to fear of heigths, even with low budget hardware [Emm02] [Sch00]. Currently is being investigated the use of VR for treatment of claustrophobia and fear of flying. Recently Augmented Reality (AR) also has been tried to be used in treatment of phobias. At MedICLab, Technical University of Valencia, has been developed an AR system for the treatment of phobia of small animals. Up until now only a limited number of patients with fear of spiders and cockroaches were treated successfully [Jua04]. However this gives a good perspective to try to apply AR to other type of phobias as well. Currently is being investigated the use of AR for treatment of fear of heights. Many AR systems use a Head Mounted Display (HMD) to show a combination of the virtual and the real world to the user. ARToolKit is a software library to create AR applications that use physical markers in the real environment to determine where exactly to overlay the virtual objects [Kat99]. Also the AR system at MedICLab is based upon those two components. This has proved to function well, but the desire has grown to have an AR system to work with user invisible markers. The main advantage of this is that users are not able to perceive the markers which introduce a surprise effect when virtual objects are overlaid. The effectiveness and reality factor of AR treatment are expected to increase. 1.1 Research Goals The research assignment is carried out as a preparation for the Master of Science Thesis project in MedICLab, Technical University of Valencia. The project’s ultimate goal is aimed at developing an AR system that uses invisible markers and is based upon ARToolKit. To actually be able to conduct the project itself, the condition that primarily needs to be met is that the needed information is collected, processed and structured. The research assignment will suffice to provide the background that is required and will mould the obtained results into a structured report. To be able in doing so, a clear problem definition needs to be articulated. The problem definition, consisting of several elements, that will serve as guidance in the research assignment is the following: • Research the current state of the art on AR, and get acquainted with ARToolKit. • Find suitable hardware components for the implementation of detecting of user invisible markers, that is, a suitable invisible medium, a camera to detect that medium and a connection between the camera and a computer. The camera should work together with ARToolKit. 3
Development of an Augmented Reality system using ARToolKit and user invisible markers • Find a suitable stereoscopic video see-through HMD that incorporates both capture and visualization. No requirements are stated on intrinsic properties of the HMD. • Find a suitable optical see-through HMD. Also for this HMD no requirements are stated on intrinsic properties. Moreover the stereoscopic requirement is relaxed. • Propose the hardware components to create an AR system that uses invisible marker tracking in conjunction with ARToolKit. In order to provide an answer to this problem definition, several goals are attached to the research assignment. The goals identified are the following: • Learning about AR and applications of AR • Learning the functionality of ARToolKit • Proposing a setup of hardware components for future AR system, that meets the requirements stated in the problem formulation. 1.2 Research Approach For answering the problem definition, doing research on related topics is a necessity. Of course there are many research methods available, and a selection needs to put the focus on a limited number. For this research the following five research methods are applied: 1. The first step in the taken approach consists of doing literature study, which will provide all the relevant information on the subject. The literature study existed of searching for relevant literature, papers and other information sources. 2. Secondly ARToolKit, the development toolkit for AR applications will be studied to provide insight into the AR development process. 3. After the first two preparative steps, a search intending to find a set of hardware components will be carried out. 4. The last step will consist of an evaluation of found hardware components which eventually lead to a proposed hardware setup. 1.3 Research Outline In this chapter an introduction on the research was given, together with the research goals and the research approach. The second chapter will discuss AR and current state of the art AR applications. ARToolKit is described in detail in the third chapter. The results of searching for hardware components are summarized in the next chapter. The fifth chapter, which is the last chapter, contains proposals for a hardware setup. To conclude, in this chapter is also presented which hardware components will be obtained in the end, and what the perspective will be. 4
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