Animal Influence I - Antennae The Journal of Nature in Visual Culture

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Kelty McKinnon Zwarts and Jansma, and OKRA’s Landshape, competition finalist times the width, and half the cost of Banff’s celebrated wildlife bridges. Its width accommodates the movement of animals in herds, rather than individually. The scheme, titled “Hyper Nature”, responds to projected shifts in climate pattern and subsequent shifting migration routes through a modular design that is engineered to be placed with a single crane and to span the highway without a central column. This means a flexible, movable system that can be implemented without shutting traffic down to both lanes on the busy Interstate. This wider span is able to accommodate… a great diversity of habitats on top of the bridge, as well as a wide range of migrational corridors. Multiple habitats, including a scree seam, forest, shrub edge and open meadow, are distilled and condensed into a series of parallel bands that act as crossing corridors for various species. The wide foraging bands provide an open field of view, while narrow forest and shrub bands provide enclosure and camouflage corridors. (9) Using a modular, replicable construction method, the bridge can be reproduced simply and cheaply. The bridge is engineered to have a single span across the highway with no center pier, unlike standard bridge design, which requires three structural elements: the abutment, beam and deck slab. 50 The hypar-vault system merges these three elements into one through preformed formwork. Without a central column, the bridge can be built without closing the highway in both directions. Placement is designed to rely mostly on fill materials, rather than needing to cut into existing grades. . The ARC Competition indeed signals a paradigm shift in the way large infrastructural projects are managed. But there are still fundamental blockages to taking an ecosystems approach to complex infrastructure projects. Unlike Europe, whose centralized national and international planning structures support comprehensive road ecology projects, North American projects often involve multiple jurisdictions that compete for funding, lack open communication, and have differing political objectives (10). For this reason it is very difficult to build support and achieve consensus, let alone find the funds. Other Efforts Several European countries require an intensive and interdisciplinary highway design process that integrates environmental factors in the earliest phases of project design. At the Rijkswaterstaat in the Netherlands, for example, engineers, landscape architects, policymakers and ecologists work in the same office “to create elegant hybrids of natural and engineered systems”. (4) The Netherlands has built more than 600 ecoducts as part of a National Ecological Network.
Kelty McKinnon HNTB and MVVA’s Hypar-Nature, the winning entry They are also adept at bringing the road off and under the ground, stacking land use to maximize ecological and agricultural function. The French eco-motorway, the Loing Viaduct, is a mile long overpass for cars that protects a floodplain below. And in Northwest Montana, The People’s Way, is a 56-mile stretch of US-93 that connects Missoula to Glacier National Park and features 42 fish and wildlife crossings.(4) In 1995, the FDA released “Eco-Logical: An Ecosystem Approach to Developing Infrastructure Projects” to encourage multiple constituencies to adopt an ecosystem approach to transportation development. The ecosystem approach prioritizes habitat functioning throughout all stages of infrastructural projects, and promotes the use of flexibility in regulatory processes by federal, state, tribal and local partners to promote innovation and the best possible management (11). The document is impressive, a joint publication of the Bureau of 51 Land Management, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Federal HighwayAdministration, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries Service, National Park Service, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, several State Departments of Transportation, and many others. Recognizing the difficulty of coming to agreements on complex multi-jurisdictional projects, they developed the Enlibra Principles which foster a shared commitment to cooperation, collaboration and stewardship of the environment. The document is a guide to breaking down barriers; rewarding results, not programs; using objective science to define problems and suggest solutions and balanced, open and inclusive processes to make decisions; looking first to economic incentives to implement solutions and using appropriate geographic boundaries for environmental problems rather than patchwork political jurisdictions (12).
Page 1 and 2: Antennae Issue 21 - Summer 2012 ISS
Page 3 and 4: EDITORIAL ANTENNAE ISSUE 21 Animal
Page 5 and 6: Since 2002, IF has been recognized
Page 7 and 8: oth rural and urban societies. Huma
Page 9 and 10: performances of IF’11: Animal Inf
Page 11 and 12: animals. What science is helping us
Page 13 and 14: developed for this exhibition, is a
Page 15 and 16: animations of Myron Campbell are na
Page 17 and 18: Agency 17
Page 19 and 20: ecoarttech (A) Documentary Image fr
Page 21 and 22: ecoarttech (B) Wild Info Net openin
Page 23 and 24: ecoarttech (E) Dog image used routi
Page 25 and 26: ecoarttech (G) Screen Grabs from #T
Page 27 and 28: Sam Easterson 27
Page 29 and 30: Situated between the fields of art,
Page 31 and 32: Joanne Bristol Figure 1: New Art Ex
Page 33 and 34: Joanne Bristol and Graham Mockford
Page 35 and 36: Ian Gardner 35
Page 37 and 38: WOLF is a gallery based piece of wo
Page 39 and 40: “Voice” not only stands for voc
Page 41 and 42: unique individuals. I would set up
Page 43 and 44: Joanne Bristol 43
Page 45 and 46: This sound installation is part of
Page 47 and 48: Kelty McKinnon Toronto highway netw
Page 49: Kelty McKinnon Janet Rosenberg and
Page 53 and 54: ironmental%20Streamlining%20and%20S
Page 55 and 56: France Cadet Dog[LAB]02, and huntin
Page 57 and 58: France Cadet Robotic Dog Acupunture
Page 59 and 60: Justine Allen Image 1: Octopus disg
Page 61 and 62: leaf serving as an incitement to ca
Page 63 and 64: signifies all sorts of things. Betw
Page 65 and 66: Roger Hanlon Image 4: Octopus camou
Page 67 and 68: Chris Jones 67
Page 69 and 70: Julie Andreyev: For Interactive Fut
Page 71 and 72: Sam Easterson Nest Cam series Sam
Page 73 and 74: animals to people in a very direct
Page 75 and 76: Neil Chung Animal Behaviour Playlis
Page 77 and 78: I am inviting you to imagine the wo
Page 79 and 80: Lisa Jevbratt Photoshop Interface M
Page 81 and 82: to be very complex and it has kept
Page 83 and 84: Lisa Jevbratt iPad Colour Listing
Page 85 and 86: Lisa Jevbratt Scientific (top left
Page 87 and 88: Lisa Jevbratt Hopi White Buffalo da
Page 89 and 90: Lisa Jevbratt Eye organ Unknown [+
Page 91 and 92: “higher” sense, the sense conne
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Page 95 and 96: Megan Matichuk and Gabrielle Burke
Page 97 and 98: Where the cultural deployment of an
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Snæbjörnsdóttir/Wilson ‘Knutur
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Snæbjörnsdóttir/Wilson Photograp
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certain responsiveness to unpredict
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