Troels Dyhr Pedersen.indd - Solid Mechanics

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16 Appendix B: Detonation model in EES P1 = 2,4 x 10 6 T1 = 726 ρ1 = x1;N2 · ρN2;1 + x1;O2 · ρO2;1 + x1;DME · ρC2H5OH;1 · MW 1 v1 = 1 λ = 3 ρ1 StCoef = 3 e1 = x1;N2 · uN2;1 + x1;O2 · uO2;1 + x1;DME · uC2H5OH;1 MW 1 x1;N2 = 3,76 · StCoef · x1;O2 = StCoef · x1;DME = λ 3,76 · StCoef · λ + StCoef · λ + 1 λ 3,76 · StCoef · λ + StCoef · λ + 1 1 3,76 · StCoef · λ + StCoef · λ + 1 MW 1 = x1;N2 · 28 + x1;O2 · 32 + x1;DME · 46 γ 1 = cp1 cv1 - 86 - - cp1 = x1;N2 · Cp ('N2'; T =T1 ) + x1;O2 · Cp ('O2'; T =T1 ) + x1;DME · Cp ('C2H5OH'; T =T1 ) MW 1 cv1 = x1;N2 · Cv ('N2'; T =T1 ) + x1;O2 · Cv ('O2'; T =T1 ) + x1;DME · Cv ('C2H5OH'; T =T1 ) MW 1 P2 = μ · MW 1 MW 2 e2 – e1 = Ra MW 2 Ra = 8,314 · T2 T1 · · P1 T2 2 · γ 2 ρ2 = x2;N2 · ρN2;2 + x2;O2 · ρN2;2 + x2;H2O · ρH2O;2 + x2;CO2 · ρCO2;2 · MW 2 v2 = 1 ρ2 e2 = x2;N2 · uN2;2 + x2;O2 · uO2;2 + x2;H2O · uH2O;2 + x2;CO2 · uCO2;2 MW 2 x2;N2 = 0,7546 x2;O2 = 0,1337 x2;H2O = 0,0667 x2;CO2 = 0,0446 MW 2 = x2;N2 · 28 + x2;O2 · 32 + x2;H2O · 18 + x2;CO2 · 44 γ 2 = cp2 cv2
- 87 - - cp2 = x2;N2 · Cp ('N2'; T =T2 ) + x2;O2 · Cp ('O2'; T =T2 ) + x2;H2O · Cp ('H2O'; T =T2 ) + x2;CO2 · Cp ('CO2'; T =T2 ) MW 2 cv2 = x2;N2 · Cv ('N2'; T =T2 ) + x2;O2 · Cv ('O2'; T =T2 ) + x2;H2O · Cv ('H2O'; T =T2 ) + x2;CO2 · Cv ('CO2'; T =T2 ) MW 2 μ = γ 2 + 1 γ 2 u1 2 = μ 2 · γ 2 · Rb · T2 MW 2 Rb = 8314 ρ1 · u1 = ρ2 · u2 u3 = u4 = M1 = u1 u3 M2 = u2 u4 Rb MW 1 Rb MW 2 · γ 1 · T1 · γ 2 · T2 0,5 0,5 ρN2;1 = ρ ('N2'; T =T1 ; P =P1 ) ρO2;1 = ρ ('O2'; T =T1 ; P =P1 ) ρC2H5OH;1 = ρ ('C2H5OH'; T =T1 ; P =P1 ) ρN2;2 = ρ ('N2'; T =T2 ; P =P2 ) ρO2;2 = ρ ('O2'; T =T2 ; P =P2 ) ρH2O;2 = ρ ('H2O'; T =T2 ; P =P2 ) ρCO2;2 = ρ ('CO2'; T =T2 ; P =P2 ) uN2;1 = u ('N2'; T =T1 ) uO2;1 = u ('O2'; T =T1 ) uC2H5OH;1 = u ('C2H5OH'; T =T1 ) uN2;2 = u ('N2'; T =T2 ) uO2;2 = u ('O2'; T =T2 ) uH2O;2 = u ('H2O'; T =T2 ) uCO2;2 = u ('CO2'; T =T2 )
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Homogeneous Charge Compression Igni
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- 2 - - Table of contents 1 FOREWOR
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- 4 - - 11.5.3 Filtering of sample
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- 6 - - 1 Foreword The work describ
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3 Résumé - 8 - - This thesis is b
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4 Resumé (dansk) - 10 - - Denne af
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5 Introduction - 12 - - 5.1 About H
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- 14 - - 5.3 Scope of investigation
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6 The basics of HCCI combustion - 1
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- 18 - - the cylinder. In HCCI comb
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7 Combustion of DME - 20 - - 7.1 Co
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- 22 - - 8 Description of experimen
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- 24 - - 8.1.3 Piston modifications
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- 26 - - combustion event is often
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- 28 - - however not possible, sinc
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- 30 - - (excess air ratio 3) of ai
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dQ dt = h ⋅ A ⋅ - 32 - - ( T
Page 36 and 37:
- 34 - - In addition, many reaction
Page 38 and 39: - 36 - - Arrows in the scheme indic
Page 40 and 41: - 38 - - formaldehyde (CH2O) and fo
Page 42 and 43: Figure 12: Termination of the low t
Page 44 and 45: - 42 - - The non-carbon radical act
Page 46 and 47: 10.7 List of species Radicals of hy
Page 48 and 49: - 46 - - If a frequency analysis of
Page 50 and 51: - 48 - - 11.5.3 Filtering of sample
Page 52 and 53: - 50 - - The SPL of the cylinder pr
Page 54 and 55: Figure 17: Intensity chart for cyli
Page 56 and 57: - 54 - - 11.7.3 Axial modes Axial w
Page 58 and 59: - 56 - - A case was set up to make
Page 60 and 61: 12 Simulation of detonation phenome
Page 62 and 63: - 60 - - provided more ideal condit
Page 64 and 65: - 62 - - positive in the x- directi
Page 66 and 67: 3,0 x 10 6 2,5 x 10 6 2,0 x 10 6 1,
Page 68 and 69: - 66 - - A detailed drawing of the
Page 70 and 71: - 68 - - In the expressions above,
Page 72 and 73: ( 21) ( 22) - 70 - - The mach numbe
Page 74 and 75: ( 25) - 72 - - Δt v = u ⋅ Δx wh
Page 76 and 77: - 74 - - Figure 29: Development in
Page 78 and 79: - 76 - - 12.5 Observations of deton
Page 80 and 81: - 78 - - On figure 34, the individu
Page 82 and 83: - 80 - - • The engine load obtain
Page 84 and 85: - 82 - - 15. Takayugi Tsuchiya, Yos
Page 86 and 87: - 84 - - 15 Appendix A: Reduced sch
Page 90 and 91: - 88 - - 17 Paper I: The Effect of
Page 92 and 93: - 90 - - 19 Paper III: Reducing HCC
Page 94 and 95: DESCRIPTION OF THE EXPERIMENT OBJEC
Page 96 and 97: Engine modification To obtain a low
Page 98 and 99: Pressure [Mpa] 6 5 4 3 2 1 lambda 2
Page 100 and 101: Pressure [Mpa] 6 5 4 3 2 1 lambda 4
Page 102 and 103: At lambda 4, IMEP peaks at a compre
Page 104: CONCLUSION • It was possible to a
Page 107 and 108: close to the lean limit. HC is comp
Page 109 and 110: Reactions do however not stop entir
Page 111 and 112: METHANOL TEST PROCEDURE In the firs
Page 113 and 114: Page 8 of 22 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25
Page 115 and 116: With EGR there was a notable change
Page 117 and 118: Page 12 of 22 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 MEOH
Page 119 and 120: Page 14 of 22 250 200 150 100 50 40
Page 121 and 122: EMISSIONS The emissions in table 6
Page 123 and 124: Page 18 of 22 15 12 9 6 3 0 1000 RP
Page 125 and 126: REFERENCES 1. Mingfa Yao: An Invest
Page 127 and 128: PM: Particulate matter THC: Total H
Page 129 and 130: Coupling of pressure waves and reac
Page 131 and 132: chambers which often have this flat
Page 133 and 134: The two piston crowns with chambers
Page 135 and 136: Page 8 of 21 Figure 10: Steel plate
Page 137 and 138: Page 10 of 21 16.7 kW @ 3000 rpm 17
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v v, ref T T ref with T and Tref be
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dB higher than the 8 cylindrical ch
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Page 16 of 21 Flat chamber 7 BTDC 3
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Page 18 of 21 diesel type chamber 3
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CONCLUSION HCCI combustion generate
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DTU Mechanical Engineering Section
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