Project for the preparation of a Strategic Action Plan for the ...

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SAP-BIO-Lebanon National Report Page 18 of 95 ¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯ Long term, 5-10 years • Compile an updated national database of local biotopes, flora and fauna. Specify species that are under-utilized or with potential for economic impact. Highlight the unique nature of terraces and the coastal historical settlement sites since prehistory (e.g. sites used for the manufacture of stone tools in Rauche) • Study the potential of marine fresh water sources. • Enhance the concept of integrated village developing traditional industries and other related activities associated with coastal areas such as olive oil and carob production. • Develop new sectors such as mariculture in order to improve employment conditions of marine operators including fishermen (co-operatives). Local environmental conditions are more favorable than the western Mediterranean basin. • Highlight the cultural, traditional and artistic significance of the sea by encouraging non-destructive traditional sports. • Put into place a coordinating mechanism of stakeholders. Targets and Indicators The target is to exploit resources sustainably by monitoring the following indicators: • Periodic fish stock assessment, fishing practices and price fluctuations. • Water quality and quality of local wild fish. • Bioindicators, such as exotic organisms, migratory forms and rare species, including harmful algal bloom-causing organisms. 7. Responsible national structures or institutions present in the country Fields of action Ministries/Agencies Land Use and Coastal Zone Management MoE CDR MoT MoA MoPWT MoH IDAL Forest, Agriculture, Natural Reserves and MoE Public Areas MoA Water resources MoE CDR MoPWT MoH MoEW MoIM Waste Water Management MoE CDR MoEW MoA MoPWT MoH IDAL MoIM ___________________________________________________________________________________________ Prepared By M. Nader & S. Talhouk June, 2002
SAP-BIO-Lebanon National Report Page 19 of 95 ¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯ Solid/Hazardous Waste MoE CDR MoPWT MoH Industrial pollution MoE CDR MoI MoPWT MoH IDAL Cultural heritage Ministry of Culture and Higher Education (GDA) MoT MoE Ministry of Transport 8. Present level of national capacity in the country The free economical system and the democratic regime allow for a multi-organizational system to exist in terms of higher education, agricultural research, environmental science and related training. Biodiversity education is still inadequate, though environmental awareness is expanding at a rapid rate and new curricula include environment education at elementary and secondary education levels. University education is trying to satisfy socio-economic requirements while Faculties are being developed to cater for applied sciences and technological subjects. There are surpluses of graduates in many fields and a definite shortage of specialists in the field of Biodiversity. Instruction courses are being added to curricula in some faculties, and germplasm research started few years ago with international and bilateral support. The present situation of Lebanese institutions involved in research and training is highly encouraging. Lebanon hosts over fifteen higher education institutions involved with general aspects of student training, but very few universities have programs directly related to biodiversity issues. The faculties of agriculture and sciences at the LU, the AUB, USJ and the USEK have programs focusing on environment and Biodiversity. Furthermore, the UoB has introduced two academic programs in Aquatic and Land-Resource Management, and is in the process of establishing a Marine Station for marine research. Many institutions are young and depend on part-time specialists, specially the Faculties of Agriculture at Saint Joseph and Saint-Esprit universities. It is evident that the institutional analysis carried out in 1997 indicated some kind of specialized interest in each involved institution. Saint-Joseph University has recently started a program on eco-tourism. The MoT and the National Center for Marine Sciences have the necessary minimum of manpower and facilities, and are involved in serious environment and biodiversity assessment programs. Interdepartmental programs at AUB have been developed to cover ecosystem management. These programs help in the establishment of centers of excellence for research and training in specified fields. Various reports have indicated the need for taxonomists, and some even consider that taxonomists are not only endangered but also are on the way of becoming extinct. In Lebanon, over 9119 species of plants and animals were identified (20% estimate) and a higher number (43500) remains to be identified. Despite the reported lack of taxonomists it has become evident that the country is in need of conservation ___________________________________________________________________________________________ Prepared By M. Nader & S. Talhouk June, 2002
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