GEOLOGY OF THE PENGKALAN HULU-BETONG TRANSECT ...

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42 I A Figure 29: Photograph outcrops of the Gerik formation (Pgk). A- Limestone lenses of the Gerik formation (I) within the tuff (II) exposed at Bukit Jagor, Gerik. B- Outcrop of metatuff at Kampung Baharu Jagor quarry, Gerik. A C II Figure 30: Photographs of tuffs of the Gerik formation (Pgk), Malaysia. A- Weak flow structure in the crystal tuff at road-cut near Kuala Rui Police Station, Gerik. B - Lithic tuff of the Gerik formation near Kuala Rui Police Station, Gerik. C- Outcrop of tuff of the Gerik formation at Kampung Batu 2, Gerik. D- Calcareous shale interbedded with tuff of the Gerik formation at Kampung Batu 2, Gerik. B D B
Depositional environment Based on the well-bedded characteristic of the tuff, together with the presence of chilled magma, epiclastic materials as well as the fact that the tuff is interbedded with argillaceous and calcareous materials at some places, this formation is interpreted as mainly of pyroclastic origin. The volcanism might occur subaerially but the deposition of the erupted materials was in marine environment (Jones, 1970). The occurrence of fossil algae within the calcareous rocks in the tuff as reported by Sia (1989) might also indicate that the deposition was probably occurred in the shallow marine environment. 3.1.5 The Berapit formation (Kbr) The Berapit formation (Kbr) is a new formation name introduced by the Malaysian Working Group to explain the very well cemented conglomerate unit that unconformably overlies the Kroh formation/Betong Formation (SDkr/bt). The outcrop of this rock unit is well exposed at Km 2.2 along the Malaysia-Thailand border security road, in the middle part of the Transect area on the Malaysian side. It was previously considered as the lowermost part of the Nenering beds (Mohd Badzran et al., 1993; Qalam Azad et al., 1995 & 1998; Che Aziz et al., 1995 and Uyop Said & Che Aziz, 1997). Distribution The Berapit formation (Kbr) is only exposed on the Malaysian side of the Transect area. It forms a small rock unit covering an area of less than 1 square kilometre that occurs on the hillock of Bukit Berapit (Berapit Hill) forming a small precipice at Km 2.2 along the Malaysia-Thailand border security road on the Malaysian side, in the middle of the Transect area. Field evidences combined with the aerial photograph interpretation show that this rock unit is restricted to the Malaysian territory only. Lithology The Berapit formation (Kbr) comprises massive, poorly sorted, matrix supported conglomerate. The clasts are subangular to rounded, ranging from 1 – 10 cm in diameter, made up of sandstone, shale and minor limestone; cemented by reddish sandy matrix. It shows a fining upwards sequence and the clasts show an imbrication of about N-S direction with plunging towards north. Stratigraphy The Berapit formation (Kbr) at Km 2.2 border road on the Malaysia side is estimated at about 120 m thick unconformably overlies the Kroh formation/Betong Formation (SDkr/bt) as shown in Figure 31. The sediments indicate that they were transported not far from the source and may be deposited in a channel of a continental area. The sharp contact is characterised by Tentaculites bearing calcareous shale of the Kroh formation/Betong Formation (SDkr/bt). Age and correlation There is no strong evidence on the age of the Berapit formation (Kbr). Based on a few pollens samples collected in the unmappable lower unit of the Nenering beds (along the 43
Page 5 and 6:
GEOLOGY OF THE PENGKALAN HULU-BETON
Page 7 and 8: PREFACE This report together with t
Page 9 and 10: Geology of the Pengkalan Hulu-Beton
Page 11: granite (Trgrbp/pr) and Kawi granit
Page 14 and 15: x LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 1: Lo
Page 17 and 18: 1. INTRODUCTION The Malaysia-Thaila
Page 19 and 20: On the Thai side, detailed systemat
Page 21 and 22: Basir Jasin (1995) reported the occ
Page 23 and 24: Permian as indicated by the presenc
Page 25 and 26: Central - North Peninsular Malaysia
Page 27 and 28: The Permian Ratburi Group (Prb), un
Page 29 and 30: Figure 5: General succession of the
Page 31 and 32: Era CENOZOIC MESOZOIC P A L A E O Z
Page 33 and 34: strong isoclinal folding, faulting,
Page 35 and 36: A B Figure 8: Argillaceous facies o
Page 37 and 38: Fossils and age According to the ea
Page 39 and 40: metaconglomerate occurs in the uppe
Page 41 and 42: The lower part of the formation is
Page 43 and 44: Figure 14: Stratigraphic sequence o
Page 45 and 46: A Figure 16: Photographs showing th
Page 47 and 48: the banks of small rivers and strea
Page 49 and 50: Figure 18: Stratigraphic sequence o
Page 51 and 52: A C Figure 20: Photographs of the u
Page 53 and 54: Lithology The Tham Krachaeng format
Page 55 and 56: 3.1.4 The Gerik formation (Pgk) The
Page 57: Small amounts of interbedded sedime
Page 61 and 62: nomenclature of the Nenering beds (
Page 63 and 64: A B Figure 33: Exposures of the Nen
Page 65 and 66: A B Figure 35: Outcrop of Basal Gra
Page 67 and 68: The rock sequence of the Nenering b
Page 69 and 70: 3.3.1 Rimba Telui/Si Nakhon granite
Page 71 and 72: 3.3.2 Bintang granite (Trgrbt) Dist
Page 73 and 74: A B Figure 41: The Chantharat grani
Page 75 and 76: intrusion of the granitoids mention
Page 77 and 78: The Silurian-Devonian rock sequence
Page 79 and 80: 5.2 Metallic Minerals The occurrenc
Page 81 and 82: arsenopyrite and grossularite are c
Page 83 and 84: British American Tin Mines Company
Page 85 and 86: 5.3 Non-Metallic Minerals and Hot S
Page 87 and 88: Figure 50: Limestone quarry at Buki
Page 89 and 90: Ban Bor Nam Ron, 9 km north of Beto
Page 91 and 92: well-cemented, poorly sorted matrix
Page 93 and 94: Foo, K.Y., 1990. Geology and Minera
Page 95 and 96: Sashida, K., Nakornsri, N., Ueno, K
Page 97 and 98: Appendix 1: List of the Malaysian W
Page 99 and 100: Appendix 3: XRD analysis results fo
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