GEOLOGY OF THE PENGKALAN HULU-BETONG TRANSECT ...

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on drilling results conducted in 1972, the mineral deposits overlie granite and marble at
about 35 – 40 m depth. The regional reserve of lead, zinc, tin and copper was estimated at
400,000 tonnes.
Daily production of tin produced from sulphide mineral veins was about 30 –
40 tonnes and the final product is composed of 70% Sn.
After the mining operation ceased, the environmental impacts situation here were
critical. The secure landfill and replantation methods were applied by the Department of
Primary Industries and Mines to rehabilitate the environmental impact (Figure 47).
Figure 47: Environmental improvement work by secure landfill at Na Sua mine, Thailand.
ii. Dida-Labu Deposit
Dida-Labu deposit is located to the northwest of Tham Thalu deposits. It consists of
two mines, namely; Labu and Dida mines.
Labu mine situated at Ban Patae, Bannang Sta District, Yala Province. The deposit is
located in the contact zone of Jurassic-Triassic biotite granite and sedimentary rocks. This
deposit is mainly underlain by blackish quartzite and limestone boulders. Pyrite is oftenly
disseminated within the quartzite, especially in the fractures. Cassiterite and other
minerals such as galena, chalcopyrite, pyrite and arsenopyrite commonly occurred in
quartz veins which generally cut the rock formation in the E-W direction. It was reported
that data gathered from drilling conducted by the Strait Consolidated Tin mines company
limited in 1940 – 1941, indicated that granite was observed at the depth of about 300 m,
and grade of cassiterite in the quartz veins was about 1.2%. Due to the potential of the
deposit, drift mining had been conducted for several years.
Dida mine group consists of three mines namely: Dida mine 1, 2 and 3; located to the
east of Labu mine, and it is also situated in the contact zone of granite and sedimentary
rocks. Cassiterite commonly occurred in greenish skarn and in quartz veins that cut into
quartzite. However, tin ore from these mines contained high percentage of iron. The
average monthly tin production was 0.9 – 1.2 tonnes.
iii. Pin Yoh Deposit
Pin Yoh tin deposit is a primary skarn deposit, situated at Tambol Tham Thalu,
Bannang Sta District of Yala Province, 3 km from the Malaysia-Thailand border, at
6 o 13′ 30″ N, 101 o 09′ 00″ E (Figure 48). It is located in the contact zone of granite and
limestone. This mine was initially operated by Chinese miners until 1930 and then by the