-210 Nottingham - Nottingham eTheses - The University of Nottingham

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1.1 Process of nuclear transfer
Figure 1.2 Main reproductive hormones as to oocytes
Figure 1.3 Changes in maturation promoting factor (MPF) and cytostatic factor (CSF)
activities during meiotic divisions of oocytes
and mitotic divisions of early zygotes
Figure 1.4 Effects of nuclear transfer of karyoplasts at defined cell cycle stages into
cytoplasts with either high (group A) or low (group B) MPF activity upon
DNA synthesis during the first cell cycle and potential effects upon the ploidy
of the reconstructed embryo
Figure 1.5 Flow chart of the experimental design
Figure 2.1 Diagram of micromanipulation instruments and manipultion set up
Figure 2.2 Enucleation of porcine oocytes at telophase of first meiotic division (TI)
Figure 2.3 Production of oocyte-somatic cell couplets by cell transfer
Figure 3.1 Classification of meiotic stages of porcine oocytes by nuclear
morphology
Figure 3.2 Morphology of control, CHX and cAMP treated COCs during
maturation
Figure 3.3 Distribution of meiotic progression (mean ± SEM) in control, CHX and
cAMP treatments during maturation
Figure 3.4 The percentages of MII oocytes (mean ± SEM) in control, CHX and cAMP
treatments during maturation
Figure 4.1 Morphology of porcine oocytes and parthenotes in control or synchronised
Figure 4.2
groups
Meiotic changes of oocytes (mean ± SEM) in control and cAMP treatments
at different time points
Figure 5.1 Timeline of the treatment of porcine oocytes with caffeine during
somatic cell nuclear transfer
Figure 5.2 MPF and MAPK activities in porcine oocytes detected with an in vitro
double-kinase assay by phosphorylation of histone HI and MBP, respectively
Figure 5.3 Effects of different caffeine concentrations on MPF and MAPK activities
in TI and early MII porcine oocytes
Figure 5.4 Morphology of parthenotes from oocytes treated wit different
concentrations of caffeine
Figure 5.5 Total cell number counting of blastocyst stage embryos from oocytes treated
Figure 5.6
Figure 5.7
with different concentrations of caffeine by DAPI staining
Effects of 5 mM caffeine on MPF and MAPK activities in TI enucleated
porcine oocytes
Hatching porcine SCNT blastocyst
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