bishop museum bulletins in cultural and environmental studies

Carlton & Eldredge — Marine Bioinvasions of Hawai‘i
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Sims & Irei (1979) report that this “fire sponge” occasionally causes severe human dermatitis
in Hawai‘i, a phenomenon noted earlier by de Laubenfels in 1950.
Tedania sp.
Cryptogenic
= Tedania macrodactyla of Bergquist, 1967
Bergquist (1967) recorded a Tedania species [as T. macrodactyla (Lamarck, 1813)] from the floating
pier and stone pier on Coconut Island, Kāne‘ohe Bay (collections of the 1960s); the taxon T.
macrodactyla, at the time, was previously otherwise known in the Pacific Ocean from the East
Indies.
The applicability of this name to Indonesian or to Hawaiian material is questionable (M. Kelly-
Borges Shanks, pers. comm., 1996). The identity of this fouling Tedania on O‘ahu thus remains to
be determined. We regard it as cryptogenic.
Raspailiidae
Echinodictyum asperum Ridley & Dendy, 1886 Cryptogenic
Coles et al. (1999a, 1999b) report this species as a new record for Hawai‘i, based on collections in
1997 from Pearl Harbor. It is known from the Indo-Pacific (R.C. DeFelice, pers. comm. February
1998). We regard it as cryptogenic.
Order Dictyoceratida
Dysideidae
Dysidea sp.
Cryptogenic
A sponge in the Pearl Harbor fouling community was collected in 1996 by M. Kelly-Borges Shanks
and R.C. DeFelice that appears to be a new species of Dysidea, although similar to the well-known
tropical western Atlantic “heavenly sponge” Dysidea etheria de Laubenfels, 1936. It is also found in
Honolulu Harbor (Coles et al., 1999b) and Kāne‘ohe Bay (Coles et al., 2002a) and in Ke‘ehi Lagoon
(Coles et al., 2002a). We treat it here as cryptogenic.
Dysidea sp., cf. D. avara (Schmidt, 1862)
Cryptogenic
De Laubenfels (1950) reported a single specimen collected at Coconut Island in Kāne‘ohe Bay in
1948 “on the east side of the dock, near the concrete bridge which connects the dock with the island,”
in 2 m of water. It remains in Kāne‘ohe Bay (Coles et al., 2002a). It is also found in Pearl Harbor
(Coles et al., 1999a; 1996 collections), Honolulu Harbor (Coles et al., 1999b) and in Waīkikī (Coles
et al., 2002b). Hoover (1998, 2006) illustrated a specimen growing on a mangrove root on Coconut
Island in one meter. Originally described from the Mediterranean, by the time of de Laubenfels’
(1950) report it had been reported from “throughout the Old World, Europe to Australia... even into
the near Arctic,” which suggests either a species complex or a taxon widely distributed for centuries
by ships. We regard it as cryptogenic.
Dysidea sp., cf. D. arenaria Bergquist, 1965
Cryptogenic
Coles et al. (1999a) report this sponge, previously known from Palau, as found in Pearl Harbor
(1996) collections. It is also found in Honolulu Harbor (Coles et al., 1999b), Kāne‘ohe Bay (Coles
et al., 2002a), and Waikīkī (Coles et al., 2002b). We regard it as cryptogenic.
Spongiidae
Hyattella intestinalis (Lamarck, 1814)
Cryptogenic
Coles et al. (1999a) report this Indo-Pacific sponge as found in Pearl Harbor (1996) collections; it is
a new record for Hawai‘i. It was also collected on the hull of the floating dry dock the Machinist
brought from the Philippines in 1992 (R.C. DeFelice, pers. comm., 2001). Coles et al. (1999b) report
it from Honolulu Harbor, Ke‘ehi Lagoon, and Barbers Point Harbor. Although said to have been
from the Mediterranean, the type locality was probably the Indian Ocean (Hooper & Wiedenmayer,
1994). We regard it as cryptogenic.